Analysis On Regional Differences And Influencing Factors Of Social Security Expenditure In China

The level of social security expenditure reflects the level of social security development in a region.China has a vast territory,and due to the influence of many factors such as economy,population and policy,the social security expenditure level varies significantly in different regions.Among the factors that influence the level of social security expenditure,economy and population are the most critical factors.Since the establishment of China's social security system,the development of social security has also gone through different stages.Due to the late establishment of China's social security system and the confusion of its statistics,in addition,since the reform and opening up,various social systems in China have been updergoing rapid changes,and the relevant contents of social security have been constantly updated.Therefore,due to the differences in research perspectives data,the research conclusions of domestic scholars in social security research are not completely the same,and there are different theoretical views and policy suggestions.At present,compared with developed countries,there are still many deficiencies in the aspect of social security,and the level of social security expenditure also needs to be improved.To conduct a relatively objective and real analysis of the level of social security expenditure,find out the main reason for the difference of social security expenditure in China,It is of great significance to reduce the regional differences in the level of social security expenditure and improve the social security system.Paper using provincial data from 1999 to 2018 in our country,and in 31 provinces(cities,districts)of our country is divided into four regions,based on this,firstly,make an overall analysis of China's social security level based on historical data.Secondly,the social security level of each region was analyzed by regions,and introduction the Theil index analysis method,with GDP(Theil T index)and population(Theil L index)as the weights respectively to analyze the regional and intra-regional differences in the level of social security expenditure,studies the different contribution rates of different regions to the national social security expenditure level.The results show that,when GDP is used as the weight,in the Theil index and the difference contribution rate,the east and west regions are accounted for the largest,followed by the central region,and the northeast region is the smallest;when the population is used as the weight,in the Theil index and the difference contribution rate is still the largest in the east and west regions,but the proportion of difference in the northeast is the third,and the proportion in the central region is the smallest.No matter which weight is used,the regional differences in the level of social security expenditure in China are shrinking year by year,the differences mainly exist between regions,and the differences between eastern and western regions are the most obvious.The differences between eastern,central and western regions are decreasing,while the proportion of differences between northeast regions is increasing.By analyzing the characteristics of regional differences in social security level,the paper further analyzes the factors that cause regional differences in social security expenditure,so as to propose the optimal path of social security policy based on regional differences.The results show that the main reasons for the differences in social security expenditure between regions are economic and demographic factors,and the differences in social security expenditure mainly exist between regions.We should take measures to ensure that social security expenditure in all regions is more appropriate to the local level of economic development and that the level of social security in all regions is kept within a reasonable range.Based on the research conclusions,this paper puts forward the following Suggestions on this research problem: We will strengthen social security legislation;We will improve policies for regional development and further promote the coordinated development of regional economies;adjusting population policies and optimizing the population structure;we will improve the social security system and mechanisms to ensure that all regional security programs and levels are kept within a reasonable range;we will improve the financial and tax systems and optimize the structure of government expenditures;we will improve the emergency response system for public social security and ensure that public security resources match the distribution of the population.