Evaluation Method On Energy Consumption Quota In Public Buildings

Global climate change is becoming more and more serious environment problemall over the world. With the deepening of “scientific development” in China, savingresources and protecting environment became the basic state policy of China. There is aproblem to be solved, how to accelerate the pace of urban and rural construction and theconstruction industry, and how to improve the quality of people’s life. The construction,which is also an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, have been the top threebig energy consumption as industrial, transportation. There is high energy consumption,long-term growth trend and at the same time have a large energy saving potential andrelatively low cost in the construction field.In order to improve the public building energy efficiency, the Chinese Governmenthas established the Energy-saving regulatory system for state organ office buildings andlarge public buildings. A long-standing mechanism have been built to promote thepublic building energy efficiency. The goal of policy system is to gradually establish anationwide network of state organ office buildings and large public buildings energyconsumption monitoring platform. The platform is used to gather the monitor tonational major building energy consumption. To prompt energy conservation operationmanagement level of the state organ office buildings and large public building, thewhole country launch energy audit, energy-using quota and quota price system.Building energy efficiency service market would be cultivated, in order to retrofitenergy consumption of existing high energy-consuming buildings. During the period of"11th five-year plan", the country achieved33000buildings of public building energyconsumption statistics,4850buildings of energy audit, nearly6000of the publicbuilding energy consumption bulletin, and more than1500buildings in the dynamicmonitoring of energy consumption. At the same time,9provinces has carried out theenergy consumption dynamic monitoring platform, such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shenzhen,Jiangsu, Chongqing, Inner Mongolia, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guizhou. Some provincesand cities have also introduced a test run of public building energy consumption quota.Energy consumption quota is the public building energy efficiency supervision system.It provide the basis for energy consumption quota price and determine the standardsprovide basis of the reform. However, due to the differences of the local climate,construction characteristics and economic development level, it is controversial which method of energy consumption quota should be selected. So energy consumption quotapolicy has failed to get promoted. To guide for Ministry of Housing and Urban-RuralDevelopment to make energy consumption quota policy and fixed-price system, throughinvestigation and study of Chongqing city public building energy consumption statusand energy levels and classified according to the building load rate of change, this paperestablished a scientific and reasonable energy consumption quota method.First of all, through the research of public buildings in Chongqing monitoringplatform, the basic information and electricity datum in2012of207public buildingshave been collected. Through to the electricity data sorting, there are three types of errordata processing.145public buildings have been selected to study. Through the overalluse of145public buildings can present macroscopic analysis, it is found that existremarkable difference in the energy consumption. Then energy distribution of six typesof public buildings in Chongqing have been studied with significant hypothesis testing,it obey the lognormal distribution.Then, the energy use of different functions of public buildings were studied bymonthly, weekly, daily. Based on analyzed the sample buildings, the energy usecharacteristics of different buildings have been summarized. The study found that thetotal energy consumption fluctuations are mainly due to the effects of air-conditioningsystem. The month energy consumption have two maximum and minimum values. Dueto different running time of function buildings, there were significant differences in allkinds of building hourly rate. And load rate changes led to use can change. Thedifference daily change of six types buildings energy use identify characteristics ofenergy use. It is reasonable that a public building classification method is established bythe rate change of construction operation stage.This paper screened the various influence factors of public building energy use.The correlation relationship between all the factors and building energy consumptionhave been analysis. Then the correlation coefficient are ordered. Through the analysisfound at0.01significant level, energy consumption per unit area of lighting socket, airconditioning energy consumption, energy consumption per unit area of power per unitarea and per unit area special system energy consumption and energy consumption perunit area is in significant positive correlation; Air conditioning and air conditioningenergy consumption per unit area significantly positive correlation. Is obtained by theactual energy consumption monitoring samples of a government office building for2012daily energy consumption, in2012, the year’s meteorological data was obtained from the China meteorological administration, through to the building energyconsumption simulation can get day by day throughout the year with a typical yearenergy consumption. Using monadic linear regression method, the typical years of dailyaverage temperature and average temperature difference measured,2012as theindependent variable x, the actual daily can simulate the energy consumption and canuse the energy consumption difference as the dependent variable y, and found that therewas a linear relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable x yget day outdoor air temperature changes impact on the total energy consumption of ayuan linear regression equation for day and outdoor air temperature changes impact onbuilding energy consumption of air conditioning of the unary linear regression equationfor, and by significance test, found that when the confidence probability of0.95,regression coefficient is obvious.Based on the above analysis, public buildings are categorized according to the twolevels. The first level is classified according to the use function of public buildings,divided into the government office buildings, office buildings, shopping mall, hotel,school construction, hospital buildings of six categories. Based on the first levelclassification, the second level, on the basis of using the hierarchical clustering analysismethod, is classified by r day load rate changes. The second level divided buildings intoABC three categories. The total load rate of Cass A is highest, followed by the class B,the minimum load rate is class C. Before clustering analysis, it is need to get the typicaldaily load rate curve of architecture in the four seasons firstly. By hierarchicalclustering method, the "typical day" partial load curve, according to the overall load rate,is divided into ABC three categories. By using polynomial fitting, respectively to fit thecurve of each type of construction of several typical load rate synthesis of a benchmarkpart load rate curve, fitting equation is obtained. And take the significance level of0.05,significance test was carried out on the fitting curve, and from the R-Square are veryclose to1, said the fitting equation of fitting degree is higher. Prove that theclassification method is scientific and effective.The hierarchical cluster analysis method is used for the rapidly classification ofenergy consumption curves of lighting and power system and air-conditioning system.According to the rate of clustering coefficient, the best clustering number can bedetermined. It make it possible to quickly classify a large number of buildings andextract the characteristic curves of every categories. Observed the classification results,this method is very effective to rapid classify the electrical characteristics of public buildings.In order to judge the secondary classification of public buildings which are notbeing dynamic monitoring, it need to forecast the daily load rate of buildings. SoARIMA model can be used to predict building electricity load rate. Building electricityload rate is random and complex which affected by the building user behavior. Andtime series analysis model can be applied to forecast for building electricity load rate byconsider all kinds of complicated factors. Established the random process model ofbuilding load rate, the forecasting model ARIMA(1,0,8)(1,1,2) is obtained by using theelectricity load datum of69government office buildings in Chong Qing in2012. Andthe adaptability of the model is verified. To further verify the applicability ofARIMA(1,0,8)(1,1,2), the model was used to predict daily electricity load rate of twogovernment office buildings. The result indicated that the difference between predictionresults and actual results is not big, and the actual results basically fall into theconfidence interval. This method can be used to predict the electricity load rate of othertypes of public buildings.Finally, exploring the public building, on the basis of reasonable classification, thepublic building energy consumption quota of Chongqing have been establishedrespectively from the statistical quota and technical norm two direction. Statistical quotaservice object is the government department, provide reference for governmentdepartments to formulate policies. Technology norm main service object is the publicbuilding management personnel and technical personnel, for the next step of buildingenergy saving renovation or energy-saving operation to provide the reference. Andestablished for evaluation of the building to quickly determine classification method.Select a case of the on-line monitoring of government office buildings, by comparingthe statistical quota value of the building, technical quota can always use value and theactual monitoring, the rationality and validity of the inspection norm.