Going Towards Self-organization:Research On Government-university Relationship Of China

Today, government-university relationship is still a world-wide problem in the process of higher education development. Self-organizing theory is established in the late1960s and it is supplement to Bertalanfy General Theory. The research is about Chinese government-university relation and it is committed to construct a new-type relationship between Chinese government and university.Self-organizing theory is a kind of system theory. Without any doubt, government and university both belong to system. Under the circumstances of relation general instead of entity general, government-university relationship is certainly deemed as a relation system. Government-university relationship is a complex system, it is a branch of social system and also an effective tool for researching complex system. Therefore, self-organizing theory is suitable for government-university research.Self-organization is core conception of self-organizing theory. Self-organizing theory system is very huge, so it is appropriate to do this research from the perspective of self-organization. In the view of evolution, organization can be divided into two species. Self-organization is an orderly one formed by inner tacit rules, and passive organization is formed by external rules. University self-organization is not intervened by external environment, and it accomplishes tasks of knowledge production, conservation and teaching according to inner logics.The status of university self-organization is corresponding to government-university relationship. Generally speaking, from the view of self-organization theory, university status includes5kinds, such as complete self-organization, self-organization, limited self-organization, passive organization and complete passive organization. These status are corresponding to5kinds of government-university relations such as university control, university autonomy, government domination, government control and university affiliation. Therefore, reconstruction of Chinese government-university relationship aims at building university autonomous one.Looking back to medieval universities, self-organization can be realized benefiting from powerful church. Pope is its supreme confederate, meanwhile university has great effects on the feudal monarchy, autonomous city and other government elements. Therefore, university can be autonomous based on games. However, ideal medieval university self-organization is out of reach. University self-organization status and evolution of government-university relationship are full of enlightenment. Adherence to view of cultural nation, German university is possessed with nationalized feature. Because of decentralized government system, especially when the national supporting ability declined, university is in limited self-organization status. Political system of England is relatively mature, and the government has no disturbing tradition. Therefore, university is in a self-organization status and reflecting autonomous government-university relation. France government adopts centralized system. University is in a passive organization status, while government is in dominant status. After May Storm, university is in limited self-organization status and government begins to dominate university. Chinese university is in a passive organization status since its birth, and its development path looks like a reversal U. University in Qing dynasty is completely controlled by government, and it is at the top of the reversal U. During the northern warlord period, government has no time to control university and university is in complete self-organization status. The Nanjing national government carries out dictatorship, the condition of university self-organization is not optimistic. In the age of New China, university is completely controlled by government, especially during the Cultural Revolution, university nearly loses its independence. We can conclude that control is the basic tone of government-university relationship.To construct university-automated government-university relationship, we should pay attention to several points. Firstly, we should deem government-university relationship as a system, and try to realize coordination of major elements. Coordination of government-university relationship is a key to construct automated government-university relationship. Secondly, university automation is sequence parametric of government-university relationship and revolutionary element in system. Thirdly, control and automation is a core of government-university relationship, and proper control is prerequisite of university self-organization. To construct automated government-university relationship, we should abide by principle dynamic imbalance of two tolerances.