| The judgments on the development laws of children's and adolescents' motor ability during their growth period are often made based on the practical test of a certain physical quality. However, such practices fail to recognize the fact that motor ability is merely denotation of physical function and that the final expression of motor ability is directly decided by human's physiology.To reveal the phase characteristics of children's and adolescents'motor ability along with their growth and development, and to explore essential laws that suggest the changes of motor ability resulted from the development of body shapes, cardiovascular functions, nervous systems and endocrine systems, this study, based on questionnaires to experts, selected some physiological and biochemical indicators with considerable effects on motor ability.863 children (aged 6-16 years) in Guang'an region, Sichuan Province participated in the test. The author collected data on their body shape, body composition, cardiopulmonary function, endocrine systems and EEG, and tested their motor ability as well. Based on the data collected, this study chose, according to bone age,603 students (295 boys,308 girls) who develop typically as final research subjects. At the same time, the author conducted questionnaire survey among all test subjects on their study performance, physical activities and nutrition.Main conclusions:1. The author summarized the rapid growth periods of related indicators that affect the motor ability of 6-16 years old children in Guang'an region. The results can be concluded as follows:in terms of FFM (fat free mass)/BW(body weight), the rapid growth periods for boys are between the ages of 6-8 and 10-14 while for girls are 7-8,10-11 and 13-15; in terms of SV (stroke volume), the rapid growth periods for boys and girls are between the ages of 9-14 and 11-13 respectively; in terms of the levels of testosterone, the rapid growth period for boys is 11-15 years old, and for girls is 10-12; in terms of GH (growth hormone), the rapid growth period for boys is between the ages of 10-12, and for girls is 14-15; and in terms of the second development period of nervous system, the rapid growth period for boys is 10-11 years old, and for girls is 9-11 years old.2. The puberty for girls in Guang'an region starts at the age of 10 and for boys 12, with the growth peak periods at the age of 11 for girls and 13 for boys. Both accord with the general growth and development patterns of human body. But the height, weight, BMI and obesity rates are below the national average levels, implying a certain degree of malnutrition and a lack of exercises.3. The rapid growth period of testosterone levels and the period of puberty for boys and girls in Guang'an region begin at the same time, suggesting that the negative influence on adolescents caused by fast-increasing fat can be offset during this period by purposeful strength training.4. The amount of growth hormone of boys and girls in Guang'an region reaches high density levels between the ages of 6-7, with the implication that there might be rapid increase period of hormone levels before 6-year-old.5. The development of nervous system generally ends at the age of 11 for both boys and girls, which means that the maturity of nervous systems, based on this test, arrives earlier compared with the previous research results. According to the percentage of a waveguide associated energy, the rapid growth period among girls in Guang'an region comes earlier than that of the boys, and the changes take place in a smoother way.Follow-up studies:1. To verify the hypothesis, targeted exercise interventions, according to different age groups, will be carried out in order to solve the problem of insufficient motor ability.2. To conclude the rule of motor ability changes more accurately, the method of longitudinal study will be employed.3. The author will further enlarge the size of samples and expand sampling area. |
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