| China's social and economic development is tagged with an obvious Chinese label,which shows prominent Chinese characteristics.In the context of its gradual reform of the socialist market economy,the Chinese way of transfer of rural surplus labor force is significantly different from that of other countries in the world,resulting in the emerging of “migrant workers”,a special class who come from the vast rural areas in China with their household still remains in rural areas but are no longer engaged in agricultural production.They come to the city and have socially engaged into the urban society to varying degrees through their own hard work contributing to the promotion of urban constructions and social development,as well as the creating of social wealth.“Migrant workers” as a special class forming during China's urbanization process,are “not only workers but also peasants” and are neither “non-workers” nor “non-peasants”.Although the “migrant workers” have had their careers changed,but their identities are not changed simultaneously.With time passed by,the new generation of migrant workers who were born after the carrying out of China's Opening-up Policy has grown up and came to the city following their fathers' footsteps.The coming of the second generation caused a differentiation of generations in the migrant workers group.The new-born generation is called new generation migrant workers,who gradually become both the backbone of migrant workers and the key force of promoting the city's economic and social development.Due to the age and environment they are living in that is quite different from that of their forerunners',as well as the particularity of the characteristics of their own,the wish to become citizens of the new generation of migrant workers is growing stronger and stronger.While in reality,as the pace of the process of the urbanization is slow,it brings great difficulties for both the migrant workers and the whole society to overcome.Thus,to promote the urbanization of generation of migrant workers,to realize urban and rural development and build a socialist harmonious society has become a crucial issue for us to deal with.This thesis explores the issue by using Life Course Theory as a main doctrine,taking the Marxist overall development theory as a guide,enlarging the researching scope by using theories ranging from sociology,education to economics,adopting literature,questionnaire surveys,interviews and other research methods,in order to find the solutions to promote the standard of continuing education of migrant workers of new generation in our country through a close study on the demand and supply of continuing education for them.On the basis of reviewing the theories of rural surplus labor transfer from both home and abroad,combining with the examining of the special situation that China's economic structure is a dual structure,this thesis reveals the root that causes the problems of urbanization of new generation migrant workers,drawing a generalization on the career orientation,survival status and city targeting of new generation of migrant workers,making an analysis of the main deficiency in the demand and supply of continuing education of them.The current existing continuing education for new generation of migrant workers is mainly provided in the form of short-term training and practical skills training,which can only help migrant workers take on the role of non-agricultural occupations quickly while cannot help them to achieve a complete conversion of non-agricultural occupations.Only through a long-term humanistic quality education,the level of their theoretical knowledge and quality of culture could be enhanced and the migrant workers' quality of citizenship could be improved.From the interviews to a number of migrant workers who have successfully changed into citizens,their experiences show that the humanistic quality education is always the most important factor in their success and it is proved that it is the main force to promote citizenship.Thus,in the supply of continuing education of the new generation migrant workers,especially in the designing of the curriculum system,to effectively increase ideology and humanistic quality education classes in their curriculum is very important.On this basis,recommendations are raised to the relevant departments in policy and funding support in order to provide a way for new generation migrant workers to achieve citizenship fluently.This thesis is composed of three parts,including introduction,body and conclusion:The first part is the introduction part.It mainly elaborated on the reasons why the topic of the thesis is selected and the significance of this research paper.Besides,a review of current research status,the research ideas,researching methods,framework and the innovative ideas and so on introduced in this part.The second part is the body of the thesis,which is composed of eight chapters.In the first chapter,the life course trajectory of the new generation migrant workers is described.According to people's conventional understanding of the life cycle,the life cycle of the new generation migrant workers can be divided into three stages,"farmer stage-migrant worker stage-the citizen stage." Farmer stage is the initial state of the life course,migrant worker stage is regarded as a stage of turning point because it indicates the migrant workers' life trajectory direction is changed,and the citizen stage is an important stage in the life course of migrant workers,which signifies that the new generation migrant workers' identities have changed into non-agricultural completely.From farmers to migrant workers,and finally becoming citizens,the new generation migrant workers have experienced great changes in their identities,and this changing is restricted and influenced by many factors,and among these factors,continuing education plays an extremely important and external role in deciding the change because continuing education could help to promote the urbanization process of new generation migrant workers.Improving themselves to change their identities through continuing education thus becomes a final route for the new generation migrant workers to choose.In the second chapter,the social roles and stratums of new generation migrant workers in the process of urbanization are analyzed.The historical background of the emerging of the new generation migrant workers,birth group characteristics,population characteristics,roles and confusions of the new generation migrant workers in the urban society are also analyzed.The third chapter deals with the current situation of employment and the social position of the new generation migrant workers issues.Through a study on employment status,job characteristics,occupational abilities of the new generation migrant workers in urban society,their economic life,political participation,culture and entertainment,social interaction are examined through questionnaires and individual interviews,and this situation also decides the positioning of this group in urban society.In the fourth chapter,the relationship between continuing education of the new generation of migrant workers and their self growth is discussed.There is a turning point appearing in the life course of the new generation migrant workers when they come to the city.Through hard-working,they are eager to have a stable life in the city,and ultimately become citizens.The special nature of the new generation of migrant workers is that they are farmers who are living in the city and engaged in non-agricultural occupations,they live in cities and have the potential to be citizens,while they are not regarded as true citizens.Migrant worker stage is the transition phase conversion of farmers to the citizens,although they are feeling full of hopes but there is a long way to go.In this stage,the new generation of migrant workers are required to accomplish four areas of transformation: first,their professional identity should be changed from migrant workers into industrial workers,that is to shift from subordinate moving work force in the informal labor market into the labor force as skilled workers in the premier and formal market;the second is to achieve a promotion in their cultural knowledge and humanistic qualities through continuous learning;the third is to realized the social identity change from farmers to potential citizens;Fourth,in lifestyle,behavior and changes in the way of ideology.The process of migrant workers' changing from migrant workers into the citizens is a complex thing.When a migrant worker gains the qualifications to become a citizen,it does not mean that's the end of the urbanization.For migrant workers,whatever for their lifestyle,behavior,self-cultivation or the overall quality,the improvement cannot happen overnight,but there is a long way to go,or even takes generations to jointly complete this process.Chapter V is the need analysis of the new generation migrant workers in their continuing education.From the perspective of the life course theory,the events one experienced in his learning process,working process with time passed by will be accumulated into individual's changing life trajectories.In the life trajectories of individuals,some events may mean a lot to their life course afterwards,or even have a significant impact to their life,and it is the inflection point of one's personal life trajectories,also known as a "turning point".In the course of the life of the new generation of migrant workers,coming to cities to take jobs is undoubtedly an important opportunity in their life trajectories for them,in the later life course of new generation migrant workers,there will be several opportunities for a career change and there are chances that they are meeting moments for them to make choices,all these will directly affect the living state of new generation migrant workers,and thus further affect the ability for them to become citizens and the citizenship process of the new generation migrant workers.To gain the abilities to become citizens is the main factor determining the process of its citizenship of new generation migrant workers.In Chapter VI,the supply situation of continuing education of new generation migrant workers is analyzed.The existing supply of continuing education,from curriculum to the training,still remains a big gap with the actually needs of the new generation migrant workers.The existing supply of continuing education stressed more on guiding and short-term practical skills training,with an only concern to short-sighted benefits such as the employment benefits of new generation migrant workers;it cannot help them realize the fundamental identity of converting non-agricultural occupations in a long run.Standing from the perspective of the life course generation of migrant workers,to be citizens is the fundamental objective of the new generation migrant workers and humanistic quality education is the key factor.In Chapter VII,the path of effective supply of education for new generation migrant workers is explored.The importance of humanistic quality education should be fully awared of when considering an effective supply of continuing education for the new generation migrant workers.Humanistic quality education is an important factor in the life course as well as an important means to facilitate the new generation of migrant workers to change their life trajectory.From the countryside to cities,with the living environment changed,the living costs(life,work,entertainment and consumption)of the new generation of migrant worker has increased significantly,a single labor skill is not sufficient to allow them to have the power of life and keep sustaining development in the city.Therefore,the effective supply of continuing education for the new generation migrant workers can build an effective platform for them to promote their abilities.To achieve symmetry of both demand and supply,to strengthen humanistic quality education,especially professional ethics,laws and regulations,knowledge,self-cultivation,urban life coaching knowledge and civility learning can help them to live real citizens' life.Chapter VIII focuses on the security measures that should be take to make the continuing education for new generation n migrant workers to be provided effectively.With the consideration of the environment of the times,as the paces of personal struggle always fall far behind the changing of social forces,thus in order to promote the generation of migrant workers' urbanization effectively,a national macro guidance,overall planning,system innovation,system security are needed to promote continuing education for new generation migrant workers as a whole,and integrated supply and measures are also needed to promote the generation of migrant workers' urbanization effectively.The last part of this paper is a brief summary with complements to the thesis.We expect that the demand and supply of continuing education of the new generation migrant workers could achieve information symmetry and been integrated effectively,and the continuing education of the new generation of migrant workers could achieve further development and the government could provide stronger protection to support the continuing education effectively supplied to the new generation of migrant workers. |
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