Study On Spatial Mismatch Of Public Rental Housing

Housing security is the livelihood issue that influence the social harmony and stability. As the new stage of housing security policies in China, public rental housing has become the main form of newly constructed affordable housing, the construction scale, time arrangement, location distribution and lease management of public rental housing are the main parts of housing security policy. Until now, the public rental housing policy has made significant achievements, however, serious problem that caused by and accompanied with this policy implementation also can't be ignored. Not only the frequently appeared of remote construction location of public rental housing, but also the slow pace and poor quality problems are easy seen. At the same time, the coverage and scale of abandoning rent also becoming increasingly serious. To some extent, scientific understanding and effective solution to these problems are the priority of housing security policy.Spatial location is the most important factor affecting the value of housing. Public rental housing condition on the spatial location will make change on housing, employment and commute situation of residents, which will further affect its efficiency and security level. From the perspective of spatial distribution, this paper tried to analysis the problems of public rental housing. Based on the theory of spatial mismatch, housing utility theory and practical capabilities theory, addition with the field research applied and detailed data obtained, this paper used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and made a full range analysis of public rental housing spatial mismatch. The paper main contains and is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, including research questions posed, domestic and international literature review and research design. The second chapter is the theoretical analysis of public rental housing spatial mismatch, including existence of theoretical argument, content definition and characterization analysis. The third chapter is the introduction of survey and the descriptive statistics analysis of survey data, including the description of research process and the full range analysis of the survey data with relevant indicators. The fourth chapter is level measure of public rental housing spatial mismatch, including the qualitative analysis and quantitative estimates with indicators contains occupation and residency balance, work availability, commuting time scales and spatial scales commuter. The fifth chapter is the housing benefit impact analysis of public rental housing spatial mismatch, including the analysis from the perspective of individual housing benefits. The sixth chapter is the carding on the formation mechanism of public rental housing spatial mismatch, including factors and mechanism from the perspective of action from the government, the market and the individual. The seventh chapter is the searching of optimal path, including feasible path from site selection, construction and commuting. The eighth chapter is the conclusion.From the systemic study of the contents list above, the paper obtained the following conclusions:(1) spatial mismatch existed in the public rental housing. In accordance with the bid rent theory, housing utility theory and practical capabilities theory, if the location of public rental housing space exceeds a critical location, the additional commuting costs would exceed benefits to be gained from the housing, the residents will face benefit impaired during the settle in the public rental housing, thereby falling into spatial mismatch. Empirical data show that the settle-in action significantly deteriorated the employment situation and commuting status of residents. From the aspect of commuting time,84.4% of residents commute longer than "acceptable commuting time". From the aspect of commuting distance, more than 63.6% of the residents commute beyond a "reasonable commute distance". From the aspects of housing benefit change, nearly 50% of households commuting costs exceeded the value of housing expenditure reduction, housing benefits were impaired. In accordance with the connotation and definition of public rental housing spatial mismatch, the selected public rental housing exists spatial mismatch.(2) Public rental housing spatial mismatch influence and weaken individual housing benefits. First, the housing expenditure savings are not significant. During the settle-in public rental housing action, the rate of housing expenses improvement rate is very small and some groups exist deterioration. Secondly, the commuting situation has deteriorated significantly. During the settle-in public rental housing action, there is a substantial increase in residents' travel expenses, and showed from various ways, such as commuter expenses, commuting time and commuting distance. Through comprehensive consideration of housing cost and commuting costs, it is found that public rental housing spatial mismatch significantly weaken improvement level on the housing benefits. At the same time, attributes of individuals have different effects on housing benefit improvements, and further effects the existing of spatial mismatch.(3) The formation mechanism of public rental housing spatial mismatch is complex. The main three subject including government, market (companies and stakeholders) and individuals (residents) impose influence on the formation of public rental housing spatial mismatch, through housing market and the employment market. First, the deviation of public policy including sub-urbanization, housing security policy, occupation and residential balanced policy and public transport policy will direct put impact on the public rental housing site location, thereby affecting the status of domicile, career and commuter status of public rental housing residents. It is the a direct power of public rental housing spatial mismatch formation. Secondly, the investment behavior of market forces formed and solidified the space form of urban living space and employment space, which will interference and put the site choice of resident into a dilemma on residence and employment. This is the important driver of public rental housing spatial mismatch formation. Based on the joint effect of public policy and market mechanism, individuals make final selection of residence location, employment place and commuting mode.which would ultimately facilitate spatial mismatch of public rental housing.(4) Optimization and solutions feasible route for public rental housing spatial mismatch. First, from the perspective of site selection, it is suggested that the site selection should follow the principle of comprehensive, systematic and coordinated, at the same time, should follow the diversity target. In addition, the site selection strategy should focus on occupation and residential balance and living gradient fusion. In the site assessment, it is suggested that comprehensive consideration of the evaluation factors and scientific evaluation methods should be focused. Secondly, from the aspect of construction, it is suggested that mixed settlement patterns and TOD guide mode should be followed. Meanwhile, building incentives and access to information mechanism optimization should be focused. Thirdly, from the perspective of residents commuting and employment, it is suggested that improvement of public transport facilities construction and industrial distribution should be focused.