Research On Incentive Mechanism Of Residents' Participation Management In Old Urban Residential Community

As an important part of urban housing,the old urban residential community has become major concern for society.However,there are often realities such as the lack of overhaul funds,the ageing of the residents,the diversification of tenants,and the incomplete establishment of market-oriented property management,which hinders the realization of long-term management,and leads to disorder and inefficiency in management.According to the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,president Xi Jinping said the true meaning of the people's democracy is that everybody's business,everybody discuss.Therefore,the management of the old community is directly concerned with its residents.To be specific,regardless of the interests,legal rationality and long-term effect,old community management is inseparable from its rights subject,that is,the active participation of residents and the awakening of their own powers and responsibilities.Nevertheless,the existing incentive mechanism of residents' participation in the old community management is not perfect,and it has not effectively stimulated their vitality.It is urgent to systematically construct a residents' participation incentive mechanism in old community management to promote the improvement of the current situations.The existing researches on old communities pay attention to communities' renovation,and focus on the descriptive research of “problem-countermeasure” by qualitative discussion from the perspective of government.However,scholars neglect communities'management,and ignore systematic and regular exploration by quantitative analysis from the perspective of residents.Thus,this paper explores the promotion of residents'participation in the management of old communities to improve the current situation.We try to answer the following questions.First,what are the current management status,difficulties and causes of the old community?Second,what are the motivations for residents to participate and what is their role in participating behavior?Third,what is the impact mechanism of residents'participation behavior?Fourth,how to systematically build a resident participation mechanism to achieve long-term sustainable improvement of the old communities'management effect?Therefore,we focus on the theme of the incentive mechanism of residents'participation management in old urban community.The details are as follows:First,this paper establishes an analysis framework of “subject & object--internal & external” for the old community management dilemma based on Marx's subject-object theory,and discusses the current types of management dilemmas and their causes.Firstly,based on the field investigation of 49 old communities in ten cities and one county of Shaanxi Province,we summarize the residents' participation forms and participation characteristics.Then,We build a new analytical framework by introducing the internal and external dimensions into the Marx' subject-object relationship theory.On this basis,we can get the dilemma and its causes of the four types of residents,including inner subjective type,internal restriction type,process hindrance type and external disturbance type.Second,this paper identifies the key factors which affecting residents' participation in the old communities' management.According to grounded theory approach,we collect the in-depth interview data on the basis of satisfying the theoretical saturation condition.Then,we gradually extract eight main categories that affect the residents' participation in the old community,including economics,altruism,socialization,information acquisition,resident effectiveness,resident expectations,infrastructure status,and community resource richness.And we further summarize them into three key factors: motivation,cognition and environment.Third,we reveal the types of residents' participation motivation and their relationship with residents'participation behavior in old community management.By literature analysis and field survey,this paper identifies the main forms of residents'participation and motivation types.Then,we introduce the psychological accounting theory to classify the motives and use multiple linear regression to analyze the relationship between residents'participation motivation and their behaviors.We find that from high to low in terms of impact,information,social,herd,reward,self-realization,and altruistic motivation;from high to low in terms of impact,self-realization,altruism,social,information,and herd motivation.Fourth,we construct the residents' behavior model of old community management based on social cognition theory,and reveal the influence relationship of residents' participation in “cognition-environment-behavior”.Based on this tripartite analysis framework of social cognition theory,“human-environment-behavior”,and practical investigation,this research proposes hypotheses,and constructs the structural equation model of residents' cognitive behavior.Then,we use Smart PLS3.0 quantitative empirical study to explore the influencing factors of residents' participation behavior.To be specific,it is concluded that residents' expectations,residential efficiency,community hardware facilities,community soft resources,and neighborhood relationships are positively affecting residents' participation,and the degree of influence from high to low is result expectation,resident efficiency,hardware facilities,community soft resources and neighborhood relationship.Fifth,this paper systematic designs the incentive mechanism of residents' participation.According to the comprehensive incentive theory analysis framework,combined with the implications of the residents' participation dilemma in the old community management and the relationship analysis of the influencing factors of residents' participation,we construct a resident participation incentive model.Then,we use the system analysis method to identify the eight components of the incentive mechanism for residents' participation,and clarify its function and content to systematically promote the residents' participation in old communities' management affairs.This study uses residents' participation as a starting point to explore the solution of the old community management dilemma.We summarize the management dilemma and causes of the old community,and reveal the intrinsic relationship between residents'participation motivation and their behavior.Then,by identifying the key factors and the relationship between them,we systematically construct the resident participation mechanism of the old community.In a word,this research provides theoretical references and empirical basis for exploring the improvement of the management situation of the old community in the new era and solving the current management dilemma,and also provides suggestions,methods and paths for the long-term sustainable development.