Research On The Influencing Factors Of Residents'participation In Public Cultural Activities In Urban Communities

In the process of the construction of public cultural service system,"participation" carries the mission of integrating top-down service with bottom-up demand.It is the most intuitive expression of democracy and an important measure index of the construction of public cultural service system.Therefore,improving the cultural participation of the people has become one of the objectives of the cultural development reform plan of China during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.Community is the front-line position of public cultural services.Residents' participation in community public cultural activities is the most direct and effective response to public cultural services.Their participation directly reflects the capacity of public cultural services and the level of public cultural service system construction in China.Through collecting and sorting out relevant documents and sampling survey of 511 residents in urban communities in Chongqing,it is found that the current supply of public cultural activities in urban communities in Chongqing is comparable to the requirements of national development,mainly including reading,reading newspapers,watching movies,surfing the Internet,performing arts,singing and dancing,sports(competitions)activities and education and training,etc.Urban community comprehensive cultural service center and cultural square have a high coverage rate,and all have the basic functions of library,multi-function hall,electronic reading room,etc.Community public cultural activities are mainly organized by community residents' committees under the guidance of subdistrict offices,and orderly participation of social organizations,cultural enterprises,public welfare organizations,folk cultural organizations and cultural backbone.However,although a large amount of manpower and material resources are invested from top to bottom to provide a wealth of public cultural activities,residents' participation in community public cultural activities is mixed.On the one hand,nearly half of the residents participated in a variety of community public cultural activities,involving all the contents and themes of the existing supply,mainly with artistic performances and movies;they used public cultural sites in the community,and preferred outdoor squares.On the other hand,half of the residents have not participated in any community public cultural activities in the past year.At the same time,the residents are not good at expressing their public cultural needs.Even if they have expressed will,they are more passive to cooperate,and their initiative is not high.Generally speaking,the participation of residents in public cultural activities in urban communities is not high,and there is a gap in the goal of cultural service construction to share the fruits of cultural development and build cultural spiritual homeland with everyone.Through factor analysis,we found that: firstly,there are four main factors affecting the participation of urban community residents in public cultural activities.The order of influence is matching,atmosphere,affinity and reward.There is no significant difference in various influencing factors among different sex residents;the middle-aged and elderly residents are significantly more affected by matching,atmosphere and reward factors than the young residents;the low-educated residents are significantly more affected by reward than the high-educated residents.Secondly,the matching factors are embodied in the suitability of the time for holding public cultural activities,the conformity of the content of activities with residents' interests,and the convenience of arriving at the venues.Female residents are significantly more affected by the matching of public cultural activities and interests than male residents;middle-aged and elderly residents are significantly more affected by three aspects than young residents;whether public cultural activities are suitable for residents with high education level is significantly greater than that of residents with low education level.Thirdly,the affinity factors are embodied in the personality of residents and the attitude of public cultural workers.There is no significant difference in the influence degree of residents of different sex and age in two aspects;the influence of their own personality on residents with high education level is significantly greater than that of residents with low education level.Fourthly,the atmosphere factors include the local environment created by the publicity of public cultural activities,the interpersonal environment brought by the participation of friends around and the overall environment formed by the community cultural atmosphere.There is no significant difference in the three specific contents of the atmosphere among the residents of different gender and educational background;the influence of the publicity of public cultural activities on the middle-aged and elderly residents is significantly greater than that on the young residents.Fifth,the reward factors include free public cultural activities,extra rewards from participation and their own economic income.There is no significant difference in three aspects between different gender residents;the influence of free public cultural activities on middle-aged and elderly residents is significantly greater than that of young residents;the influence of free public cultural activities and additional returns on low-educated residents is significantly greater than that of high-educated and middle-educated residents.According to the relevant theories and the influencing factors and the mechanism of action found by the research,it is necessary to improve the participation of residents in public cultural activities in urban communities from many aspects,including: taking into account basic and individual characteristics,continuously improving the matching between supply and demand of public cultural activities;strengthening convenience,coordinating the layout and management of public cultural sites;promoting cultural self-help through the Internet;Continue to cultivate and guide,encourage the autonomous development of community public culture;renew service concept,accelerate the quality improvement of public cultural service personnel;pay attention to activities publicity,enhance community cultural participation atmosphere;embedding multiple incentives to guide residents' spiritual needs.At the same time,it is necessary to refine the strategies according to the characteristics of the influencing factors of the participation of different groups of residents,to combine point and area,and to improve the pertinence and effectiveness.