Research On The Risks And Countermeasures Of The Process Of Scientific And Technological Innovation In Universities

Scientific and technological(S&T)innovation has become the first impetus for China's development and the strategic support for building a modern economic system.It is also of great significance to national security and the people's livelihood.In recent years,in order to enhance innovation and its contribution to the development of the country,the national innovation system has been continuously improved,and key reforms have been made in S&T plan and management system.As an important component of the national innovation system,colleges and universities carry out S&T innovation activities under the framework of national technology policies.They play a major role in basic research and high-tech R&D in key areas,but there are still deficiencies in terms of innovation quality and efficiency,transformation of S&T achievements into social productivity,etc.From the perspective of risk management,it is an important requirement for the further development of university S&T innovation to study the risk factors and mechanisms that hinder S&T innovation,so as to explore strategies for improving the quality and efficiency of innovation.Therefore,this paper studies the risks of S&T innovation in universities from the perspective of process management.1.Study the university's S&T innovation system and its main processes based on an analysis of the national S&T system.This paper expounds the concept and connotation of the national S&T system,establishes a network map of S&T policy by literature analysis method and conducts a point-to-center analysis to clarify the external environment and mechanism of S&T innovation in universities and its role,effect,trend and relationship among the national S&T innovation system.This paper expounds the concept and connotation of university S&T innovation system,systematically analyzes the problems of resource allocation,project process management,incentive constraints and cooperation mechanisms in its structural framework,management model,main process and process management.According to the different mechanisms in university S&T innovation process management,the process of university S&T innovation is divided into three stages:before the allocation of resources,after the distribution and the transformation of the results.2.Study the main risks and governance strategies prior to the allocation of S&T resources by information asymmetry and evolutionary game methods.This paper establishes an evolutionary game model,studies the risk generating mechanism,such as rent-seeking,conspiracy,reverse selection and risk information hiding,and the stability strategy of population game existed in resource allocation from the perspective of the long-term repetitive evolutionary game of participating groups,thus forms a topologically equivalent classification of different combinations of conditions,then proposes a risk governance strategy for the process from aspects of regulatory mechanisms,penalties,technical means,policy coordination,organization methods,information sharing,and revenue policies.3.Study the main risks after the allocation of S&T resources.This paper establishes the evolutionary game model of moral risk in project implementation and the rent-seeking evolutionary game model in acceptance,discusses the interest mechanism of the principal-agent relationship formed between the parties involved in project implementation and the principal,clarifies the factors and their relevance of the strategic choices affecting the implementation subject by evolutionary game analysis,and confirms the evolutionary stability strategy under each condition combination.Thus this paper proposes some governance strategies from the aspects of supervision and punishment mechanism,profit sharing and information transmission.Then this paper analyzes the strategy selection mechanism and impact conditions of the project undertaker,appraiser and regulator by evolutionary game research on rent-seeking risk in project acceptance,and puts forward preventive measures corresponding to the conditions that are conducive to suppress rent-seeking behavior.This paper also analyses the major safety risk management problems,and puts forward the improvement direction in the aspects of organization system,coordination mechanism,management system,facilities and education and training.4.Establish an evolutionary game model of adverse selection and moral hazard in outcomes transform,analyzes the strategic choices and influencing factors of universities as outcome providers and enterprises as industrial input parties,studies separately conditions for the formation of reverse selection,conditions for the formation of the moral hazard because of information concealment and evolutionary stabilization strategy under different conditions in terms of result quality and fund investment of universities and enterprises.Based on the results of model analysis,this paper proposes measures to break cooperation barriers and promote the conversion of results from the perspectives of technology market environment,revenue mechanism,cooperation and trust mechanism,and perfecting of incubators.5.Evaluate risks in the process of the university S&T innovation.The paper summarizes the source and classification of risks,establishes methods for project risk assessment of scientific research projects by SVM,and carries out an empirical study by taking the evaluation methods and results of some projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of a university in recent years as example.Then proposes the procedures and methods for risk identification and assessment of S&T innovation.