Power,Institutions And Culture

In October 2015,the State Council issued "Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of First-class Universities and First-class Subjects in the World",requested to adhere to the basic principle of "aiming at first-class,based on disciplines,using performance as leverage,and innovation-driven",and to accelerate the establishment of a number of world-class universities and first-class disciplines.Under this background,the local governments have put forward the strategy for discipline construction in the "double first-class" construction plan,adjust the discipline layout,and strengthen the characteristic disciplines to obtain the competitive advantage in the new round of higher education development.Therefore,the construction of discipline groups becomes an important path for the construction of first-class disciplines,and the only way for local universities to become top-ranking universities.It is of great theoretical and practical sense to study the construction of discipline groups in local universities.This work selects W university-one local university-as a case,considering which factors affect the construction of discipline groups in universities,according to the research idea of "discovering the influencing factors of discipline groups construction--summarizing the influencing factors of discipline groups construction--proposing the countermeasures of discipline groups construction",applies qualitative research method,case method and interview method to interview the members of the discipline groups construction.Whenever interviewing a group,we increase the different influencing factors.Upon the interviews,we summarize the original framework of the influencing factors for discipline groups construction.According to the inductive factors of the original framework,we work out questionnaire for Influencing factors of discipline groups construction in local colleges and universities.Applying questionnaire analysis method and factor analysis method,we verify the original framework of influencing factors for the discipline groups construction in local colleges and universities.Finally,we form the identification framework of influencing factors for the discipline groups construction in localcolleges and universities,and use this framework to analyze the discipline groups construction of W university.Upon the research on the influencing factors for the construction of the discipline groups in W university,we found that: At first,the discipline groups are at the edge of the university field and lack of the corresponding power.It is difficult to determine the legitimacy of the discipline groups,because they doesn't have the power to confer academic degrees,to hire and promote teachers,and also to acquire the right to allocate academic capital and resources for development.At the same time,the discipline groups have not established the effective interest-driven mechanism,resulting allocation difficulty,and it is difficult for teachers to choose.Secondly,the internal organizational systems of the discipline group organizations are imperfect,the organizational goals are not clear,the strategic planning is not sufficient,the organizational structures are not perfect,and the hierarchical chain of the discipline groups' organizations and the other relative organizations in the school are not clear.Thirdly,the construction of discipline group is faced with fierce conflict between discipline culture and organizational culture,and the cultural cognitive system within universities is insufficient of awareness to the discipline group organization.This old culture has subtly shaped the habits of teachers in the school field,affecting teachers' enthusiasm for collective action in discipline groups.Generally speaking,the factors affecting the construction of discipline groups exist in three dimensions : power,system and culture.The unclear power boundary and insufficient interest induction are the core factors affecting the construction of discipline groups;the lack of system construction is the important premise of influencing the construction of discipline groups;the cognitive framework and cultural differences make it difficult for the discipline groups to reach a unified paradigm.The main reasons for the formation of three-dimensional influencing factors for the discipline groups construction follow as below:At first,organizers and actors are often separated.It is often incomplete and unscientific to ignore actors' organizational research.When local colleges and universities are building discipline groups,the influencing factors are not only imperfect institutions and rules,but also closely related to the actors involved in the discipline groups.Second,it is inadequate to understandthe relationship between organizations.The relationship between organizations is power-relation.The "owner" of discipline groups cares about the relationship with the school and its functional departments,that is,they care about their own activity field.They will certainly pay attention to the position and to identity their relevant actors.They need to defend the interests associated,these interests are scattered everywhere and there is imbalance among them.Therefore,conflicts will be unavoidable between discipline groups and other organizations in the university field.After deeply analyzing the influencing factors of the construction for discipline group in local universities,this work proposes the corresponding countermeasures upon how to promote the construction of discipline groups in local university: At first,we should pay attention to the actors,balance power and build common interests.To define the power limit of the discipline groups;To establish the mechanism to promote the benign operation of the discipline groups applying interests as traction;To change teachers' habits and improve the action path strategies of the discipline group practitioners.Secondly,we should improve the system supply and provide system guarantee.To formulate supporting system to respond to high-level regulations and provide institutional norms which adapt to the construction of discipline groups.Finally,we should reconstruct the culture-cognitive framework for the construction of discipline groups,and construct and develop the cultural concept of the construction for discipline groups.