Research On Discipline Construction Of Local Universities In Southwest China Under The Background Of "Double First-class"

University is the organization of knowledge production,dissemination and creation,the function of university play mainly knowledge as a medium for talents cultivation,the spread of knowledge through teaching and inheritance,through the use of scientific research knowledge,creativity and innovation,through the social service training of professional knowledge,professional technology,professional thinking and professional service consciousness of applied talents.With the advent of knowledge economy society,the status and function of knowledge in the society become more and more important.In the integration of knowledge and university,the mode of knowledge production has undergone the transformation and development from mode 1,which is dominated by single discipline and double discipline,to mode 2,which is characterized by three spirals,to mode 3,which is characterized by four spirals.Model 1 mainly refers to the scientific research based on Newton model,which is based on single-discipline research,and the academic achievement evaluation is based on peer review.Since the 1990s,Michael Gibbons and others have proposed the pattern 2 theory.Pattern 2 is generated in application scenarios.Knowledge inquiry emphasizes interdisciplinary,heterogeneity of knowledge production,social accountability and reflection,and multi-dimensional quality control.In 2003,Elias G Karayanis et al proposed the theory of Pattern 3.Mode 3 mainly takes knowledge cluster,innovation network and fractal innovation ecosystem as its core organizational mode,and takes "quadruple spiral innovation ecosystem" as its adaptive situation.Model 3 theory puts forward a four-spiral model based on the three-spiral model of model 1,namely,government-university-enterprise model,that is,adding the public on the original basis.Since the establishment of Sino-Western School in Tianjin in 1895,there have been universities on the Chinese soil.Since the establishment of the first university in China,the history of discipline construction in local colleges and universities in southwest China has been divided into four stages:(1)Germination and creation:discipline construction in local colleges and universities in Southwest China in the late Qing Dynasty(1895-1911);(2)Transplantation and Creation:Discipline construction of local colleges and universities in southwest China during the Republic of China period(1912-1949);(3)Reference and turbulence:Discipline construction of local colleges and universities in southwest China after the founding of New China(1949-1978);(4)Restoration and Deepening:Discipline construction of local colleges and universities in southwest China after reform and opening up(1978-present).The history of discipline construction in colleges and universities over one hundred years shows that social stability is the external environment of discipline construction;Knowledge production is the internal power of discipline construction.Policy drive is the external power of discipline construction.Serving the country is the ultimate goal of discipline construction.Compared with the discipline construction of research universities and teaching research universities in the eastern and central regions,the discipline construction of local colleges and universities in the southwest region of China has the following characteristics:(1)the localization of discipline construction.The localism of local colleges in southwest China is from the orientation,type and administrative system of universities.In this area,there are provincial and ministerial co-construction of local universities,provincial key universities with the province as the main body,and newly-built undergraduate universities with the city as the main body.The universities in the region are run by local governments;(2)Application of discipline construction.From the perspective of the orientation of local colleges and universities’ talent training objectives,all the local colleges and universities in southwest China regard the training of applied talents serving the local economic and social development as the target orientation.(3)National character of discipline construction.Yunnan-guizhou,Sichuan-Chongqing area is a relatively concentrated area of ethnic minorities in China,in which yi,Qiang,Tibetan and other ethnic minorities live.Some ethnic minorities have large populations,their own languages and unique national cultures.As the most important place for talent cultivation and knowledge production,universities inherit national culture and history,and cultivate talents who love national culture in the new era is the bounden duty and mission of local universities.(4)The normal nature of discipline construction.Among the 87 local colleges and universities in southwest China,there are 25 of them,accounting for 28.73 percent.Such institutions undertake the mission of training outstanding teachers for local basic education.Normal education has become one of the characteristics of discipline construction in local colleges and universities in this region.Normal education or teacher education is the tradition and characteristic of this kind of discipline construction.Due to the local,applicable,national and normal nature of discipline construction of local colleges and universities in southwest China,local colleges and universities in Southwest China should also take these special contradictions into consideration while meeting the needs of the development of knowledge economy and society.Due to the particularity of discipline construction of local colleges and universities in southwest China,driven by the discipline construction policies of the state,local governments and local colleges and universities,discipline construction of local colleges and universities in this region has also made some achievements,but still faces many problems.Through questionnaire survey and policy text analysis,it is found that due to the influence of regional location and local economic development level,there is a severe shortage of participants in disciplinary knowledge production in local colleges and universities in this region,with a serious lack of endogenous power.The discipline knowledge construction is conformist,the discipline construction fund is insufficient;Knowledge production environment facilities are relatively backward;The atmosphere of discipline culture construction is not strong enough;The characteristic of discipline construction is not clear enough.Due to location advantage and resource limitation,discipline construction of local universities in southwest China is affected by multiple factors.The main influencing factors are:university President;Discipline team;Source of students;Subject foundation;System construction;Subject culture.These factors have caused the difference of discipline development level and quality in local colleges and universities in southwest China.Local colleges and universities are also the main places for the production of advanced professional knowledge and the cultivation of applied talents.The construction of "double first-class"provides policy support,institutional guarantee and certain resource supply for the discipline development of local colleges and universities.The essence of discipline construction is to train talents,serve the society and promote development through the inheritance,flow and innovation of knowledge.Based on the field investigation of discipline construction in two local universities in Guizhou province and in-depth case analysis,this study finds that discipline development of G University suffers from bottlenecks as follows:extreme lack of discipline construction talents;TIhe funds for discipline construction are seriously insufficient;The discipline system construction is not reasonable;It is urgent to cultivate the disciplinary cultural atmosphere;The application rate of discipline research results is low;Insufficient development of disciplinary data resources.There are some difficulties in the discipline construction of T University:the discipline layout needs further adjustment and optimization;The level and level of discipline construction are not high;The leading talents in discipline construction are scarce;There are few high-level achievements in disciplinary research.In the case of almost equal external conditions,the difference of discipline development in local colleges and universities is mainly attributed to the two aspects of power operation inside the discipline organization and resource allocation and regulation outside the discipline organization,which can also be regarded as the development law of discipline construction in local colleges and universities under the condition of homogeneity.In the era of knowledge economy and society,the essence of discipline construction in local colleges and universities is the production,dissemination and innovation of advanced professional knowledge.Discipline construction in the future,the local colleges in southwest should meet the requirements of knowledge production mode transformation development theory,on the carrier of knowledge,to cultivate applied talents as the core,the participation main body of knowledge production,subject knowledge talent training mode and system construction of the discipline organization at the same time on the adjustment and reconstruction,in order to better serve the local economic and social development to cultivate outstanding discipline knowledge talent.In view of this,the path choice of discipline construction in local universities in southwest China can be as follows:First,to carry out interdisciplinary research to meet the needs of local economic and social development.Subject knowledge production,on the one hand,should realize the change of the subject of knowledge production,and multiple interest subjects should participate in subject knowledge production.On the other hand,when evaluating the quality of knowledge production,it is necessary to establish the evaluation system of diverse organizations participating in discipline classification.The second is to train application-oriented talents with multidisciplinary knowledge and technology according to the needs of service places.In terms of the training mode of disciplinary talents,local colleges and universities should strengthen the relationship with local governments and enterprises,reconstruct the mode of university-government-enterprise joint training of talents,and solve the employment problem of local college graduates in the era of popularization of higher education.In the organizational form of knowledge production,application-oriented talents should be cultivated in the form of interdisciplinary knowledge.In addition to general education and professional education,students’ practical ability should be strengthened and their accumulation and application of application-oriented knowledge should be accelerated.The third is to build a discipline system that meets the needs of the transformation development and connotation construction of local colleges and universities.Under the guidance of knowledge production mode transformation theory,local colleges and universities can re-establish a new discipline talent training system according to discipline classification and knowledge classification.Optimize the discipline personnel training system and construct the discipline classification system of talent management system.We should improve the discipline funds management system,increase the input and supervision of discipline construction funds,and build an efficient and open financial system for discipline construction.