College Key Discipline Construction System Research In China

University discipline is the basis of the development of universities. The construction of the key disciplines is one of the ways of the universities’construction in our country. From1987till now, it has been taken three times of key disciplines selection in the universities of China, and it has found the key disciplines construction system which includes the national key disciplines, the provincial key disciplines and the school key disciplines. The national key discipline construction originated under the historical conditions when the resource of higher education is shortage and it was background with the construction of key universities. The construction of the key disciplines started at1985, after the first time of the national key disciplines selection from1986to1987, the second time of the national key disciplines selection from2001to2002and the third time of the national key disciplines selection from2006to2007. At the same time with the beginning of the selection of the national key disciplines, the selection of the provincial key disciplines and the school key disciplines started and had been deepen at last. With the running of the key disciplines construction system, the construction of the key disciplines clearly shows the characteristics of policy, level and closed. The main contribution of the construction system of the key disciplines in China is that it enhances the overall strength of the key universities of China and it enhances the academic competitiveness of the key disciplines. But at the same time, the construction of key disciplines system has some drawbacks, it is mainly about that the academic standards of key disciplines is relatively, the number of the key disciplines is planning and the construction of the key disciplines is administrative. During the construction of key disciplines, the uneven development of disciplines and the "Matthew effect" in the work of the construction of disciplines and the concept of "merit" and "bad" in the evaluation in the construction of disciplines are all worthy of reflection and discussion. In the job of the construction of disciplines, the reform of the system is imperative. Three are three tips which are imperative on the policy choices on the construction of key disciplines in future. Firstly, it should be clear that who is responsiable for the selection of the key disciplines and how to select the key disciplines and how many key disciplines should be selected. Secondly, it must to strengthen the exit mechanism of the construction of key disciplines and implement the Benchmarking of key disciplines to improve the assessment system of the key disciplines and strengthen the elimination mechanism of the key disciplines. Thirdly, it has to narrow the gap between key disciplines and non-key disciplines and change the concept of discipline grades to the academic honor. We should make it comes true that change the funding for key disciplines in the funds from directed to competitive input. At last, we should change the ideas of the construction of disciplines from the’point’building of disciplines to the integration of disciplines.