The Study Of The Supply Effect And Optimization Path Of Public Services In Rural Human Environment

Rural human settlements are the main part of farmers' life,and Chinese governments have attached great importance to improving rural human settlements and building beautiful countryside.Enhancing the supply of rural public service has become a critical part of balanced rural-urban development and the new rural development in the new era.Few of the existing studies have focused on China's rural human settlement,or established a sound theoretical framework;based on this,this paper established the theoretical framework to analyze China's rural human settlement.The supply of rural human settlement related public services is systematically assessed through TOPSIS method;Structural Equation Model(SEM)is employed to map out the order of supply on the basis of the survey data from Beijing and Hebei provinces;Binary Logistic model and DBDC method are also used to study farmer's willingness to participate in and pay for the improvement of rural human settlements.Based on the analysis above,this paper proposes the optimization path for China's rural human settlement.The main conclusions are:Firstly,based on the study of the supply of rural human settlement related public service,the general quality of the rural human settlement is about average,and needs to be improved.There has been great improvement between 2010 and 2015,but there still has been significant regional difference,with rural human settlements in Beijing,Tianjin and southeastern costal area showing better quality;there is also disparity between economic development and the quality of rural human settlement.Secondly,based on empirical results of farmer's survey data from Beijing and Hebei province,farmers generally think poorly of the current rural human settlements,with an average satisfaction degree of 2.48,which is below average.The supply of rural human settlements should follow an order of priorities,which is environmental health ? infrastructure ? housing condition in terms of the hard environment,and social services ? economic burden in terms of the soft environment.Thirdly,the analysis on farmers' willingness to participate in and pay for the improvement of rural human settlements shows that,most farmers are willing to take part in the improvement process;factors including environmental concerns,geographical position,application of information technology and approval of the village have significant impact on farmers' willingness to participate.And farmers are willing to pay 43.16 yuan per month for the improvement of rural environment,which can serve as a reference for relevant policy making.Fourthly,this paper believes governments should launch targeted methods for different region and provinces with different economic development level to maximize the supply effect of rural human settlement related public service,and the improvement process should cater to the specific needs of different areas.Moreover,given the limited resources,governments should give serious consideration to farmers' need and take immediate action to improve rural environmental heath and social services,and follow through the right order of priorities during the process.Last but not the least,the quasi-public goods of rural human settlement related public services require farmers'participation in the managing process,and governments can establish the suitable mechanism in this regard.