Study On Tourism Poverty Alleviation Of Ethnic Villages In Guizhou

Poverty alleviation is one of the three major battles set out at the 19 th National Congress of the CPC.It is of great significance to completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and realizing the first centenary goal of the Chinese nation as scheduled.Ethnic minority areas are the main battlefields and decisive battle areas in the national poverty alleviation campaign.Traditional ideas of poverty alleviation lack full understanding of the complexity of poor society,and social problems such as vulnerability,powerlessness and exclusion are serious in the process of breaking poverty.All kinds of problems exposed in the process of poverty alleviation by village tourism are eliminating the effect of poverty alleviation.Therefore,it is urgent to re-examine the development path of poverty alleviation by village tourism,scientifically analyze its endogenous poverty reduction factors,and explore sustainable ways to accurately "drip" the fruits of economic growth to the poor in the new era.After more than 40 years of development,village tourism poverty alleviation in Guizhou has gained important national experience in exploring the way of poverty alleviation,cultivating rural formats,carrying forward national culture,and protecting traditional villages.It is of great practical significance to sort out the development process and experience of poverty alleviation by tourism in ethnic villages in Guizhou,explore new tasks and propositions of poverty alleviation by tourism in villages under the new situation,and effectively activate the power of innovative development.The research integrates the theories of ethnology,economics,tourism,geography,sociology and other related disciplines,and forms the research idea of "theoretical research sample analysis case field" according to the procedure of "background thinking literature combing case analysis field research consultation and exchange special topic research key breakthrough".First,analyzed the research background and significance of village tourism poverty alleviation,system combing related literature at home and abroad,lock core proposition of ethnic village tourism poverty alleviation study,to determine the main content of the research,thought,technical route,the integration of research methods,and the innovation of the paper to realize clearly,form the data source,choice of cases and the basis of the research process.Second,relevant concepts and theories are clarified to systematically identify the function,characteristics,feasibility and limitations of poverty alleviation through village tourism,and build a platform for subsequent research.Third,Guizhou,the mosttypical province of ethnic village tourism poverty alleviation,is selected as the research object to analyze the realistic choice and development stage of developing village tourism poverty alleviation.Fourth,relying on the provincial level of the overall effect of specific regional poverty alleviation and performance-sample village welfare awareness "scaffolding" macro,medium and micro "three aspects of evaluation system,using statistical description,performance for poverty alleviation(economic,social,cultural and ecological),benefits evaluation elements,effects of Guizhou ethnic village tourism poverty alleviation scientific and comprehensive quantitative evaluation.Fifth,the successful practices of government-led,international cooperation,ecological compensation,management and protection mechanism,cultural and tourism integration,and villagers’ main body in poverty alleviation of village tourism in Guizhou are systematically summarized to generate poverty reduction experience with Chinese characteristics.This paper analyzes the realistic challenges in poverty alleviation of ethnic village tourism,such as rural alienation,shrinking opportunities,wealth gap,tragedy of the Commons,cultural elimination,etc.,and reveals the deep-seated constraints.Sixth,In Guizhou exposed problems in traditional village tourism poverty alleviation model as the logical starting point,the resources,capital,technology and other conventional factors that affects the tourism poverty alleviation were analyzed,and the grassroots governance,property rights system,land reform,cultural capital,policy integration,industry integration into the analysis framework,such as locking "rural governance","land property rights(industrial development)","cultural value added" three perspectives,respectively choose typical case village,exploring high quality development of Guizhou ethnic village tourism poverty alleviation scientific path.The seventh,On the basis of theoretical research,data analysis and case investigation,this paper explores the strategic system,innovative mode,differentiated path and cultural value realization mechanism for improving poverty alleviation quality of village tourism according to the tasks and characteristics of poverty alleviation in the future.The research methods rely on the organic combination of literature collection and comprehensive integration,in-depth interview and comprehensive application of participant observation,case study and statistical analysis system integration.Qualitative research adopts the perspective of multi-case study,and focuses on three in-depth fieldwork villages to improve the effectiveness of case study through the procedures of "intra-case analysis" and "poor inter-case".Quantitative research and design of three research levels:(1)statistical description within the province.It depicts the contribution of ethnic village tourism to poverty alleviation,economic development,social progress and ecological optimization.(2)Quantitative analysis of typical areas.A typical sample(Qiandongnan Prefecture)was selected to build a village tourism poverty alleviation performance evaluation model.Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP)was used to scientifically evaluate the poverty alleviation performance.(3)Questionnaire statistics and analysis.The welfare effect of poverty alleviation of village tourism was evaluated by using the Importance-Satisfaction Analysis(IPA)Analysis model through questionnaire tracking and field investigation.As absolute poverty elimination,ethnic village tourism poverty alleviation entering from unidimensional to multidimensional,from disequilibrium to equilibrium,single from the efficiency to the sharing,from industry to industry an important period of collaborative rationalize rural governance laying solid foundation for poverty reduction,energy release resources for promoting cultural industry,relying on local gene,is to improve quality of village tourism poverty alleviation,important way for realizing the objective of the strategy of rejuvenating.The following conclusions can be drawn from the study: First,poverty alleviation through village tourism is an important creation of poverty alleviation in ethnic minority areas.This poverty alleviation mode is feasible in ethnic minority areas,but it also has certain limitations.Second,poverty alleviation through village tourism is an important choice in Guizhou and an important experience in poverty reduction in ethnic minority areas.Third,it is an important basis for promoting poverty alleviation through tourism in ethnic villages to root the publicity of grassroots government in rural society.Fourth,land is an important poverty reduction capital,property rights system reform is an important force to achieve industrial integration;Fifth,cultural capital is an endogenous poverty reduction capital,and tourism is an important driving force for cultural capital appreciation and poverty alleviation.Sixth,the poverty reduction characteristics of the future of China,the decision of guizhou village tourism poverty alleviation must be formed in order to consolidate the main pattern of diversity in poverty reduction,building resources linkage system of poverty reduction,leveraged funds integration of investment mechanism,to carry out the system arrangement of "poor" and establish fair development of industrial structure and activate the livelihood of the poor resources as the core quality improvement strategy,to carry out the diversified innovation of village tourism mode,explore the differentiation of the village tourism path for poverty alleviation,promote the cultural value realization mechanism of market-oriented quality improvement initiatives.