Perceptions of fitness among Hispanic female adolescent

The purpose of this study was to use qualitative measures to explore the impact of individual, environmental, and task constraints on Hispanic female adolescents' perceptions of fitness. Using Newell's (1986) Model of Constraints as a framework, two specific research questions were addressed: (a) How do Hispanic female adolescents who think of themselves as normal weight and overweight define fitness and are there differences in definitions between the sub-groups? and (b) Are there differences in individual, environmental, and task constraints among Hispanic female adolescents who think of themselves as normal weight and overweight? Fifteen participants completed standardized open-ended interviews, which were audio-taped and transcribed. Results were analyzed by two researchers and further triangulated with a third expert.;Self reported normal and overweight participants defined fitness in sport-related and health-related ways; however, differences did emerge between the two groups. Normal weight youth gave pre-dominantly sport-related responses, while overweight girls defined fitness in more health-related terms. These themes were further reflected in participant's perceptions of their own fitness, descriptions of fit family members, and discussions about physical activities they engaged in.;Results also revealed differences in constraints between the two sub-groups. Individual factors which emerged were that normal weight girls more often perceived themselves as more fit and demonstrated more motivation towards fitness than overweight youths. Environmental differences were demonstrated in several ways. Normal weight participants perceived more sources of knowledge about fitness and were more positively influenced by family members. Physical education teachers and family members were cited as sources of encouragement by both groups. In addition, normal weight girls viewed peers as a source of encouragement, while overweight girls cited peers as barriers to fitness. Finally, results revealed differences in task constraints between normal and overweight participants. Normal weight youths reported they engaged in physical activity more frequently and in a greater variety of activities than overweight girls. Normal weight participants also demonstrated a higher interest and more participation in more vigorous activities than overweight girls.