A Study On The Mechanism Of The Influence Of Entrepreneurial Capacity And Entrepreneurial Motive On Academic Entrepreneurship From A Dual Perspective

Chinese universities apply for a large number of patents every year,but the number of patent conversion and patent conversion rate are both low.The objective reality of large number of patent applications with small amount of patent conversion and low patent conversion rate obviously needs to be changed,otherwise the implementation and development of innovation-driven development strategy will be difficult to complete.Although there has been a "blowout" of patent conversion in the past three years,the patent conversion rate is still low,and the theoretical breakthrough that has troubled patent conversion has not been completely solved.In fact,the problem of university patent conversion is that of university teachers' patent conversion.If the patent conversion amount and patent conversion rate of university teachers can be improved,the problem of university patent conversion can be readily solved.Many domestic scholars believe that the patent transformation of university teachers can be analyzed and studied from the perspective of academic entrepreneurship.After literature review of the academic entrepreneur,it's found that patent conversion amountand patent conversion rage are actually the indicators of academic entrepreneurship performance.It's also found that the current academic entrepreneurship research gaps exist four aspects.Firstly,there is a big gap on research of influence factors for academic entrepreneurship behavior.Secondly,there is a big gap on research on the influencing factors of academic entrepreneurship performance.Thirdly,there is still a big gap on research for the mechanism of entrepreneurial capacity influencing academic entrepreneurship.Lastly,there is a big gap in the research on the mechanism of entrepreneurial motive influencing academic entrepreneurship.Therefore,this paper will combine the research results of existing literature in the field of academic entrepreneurship and the expectancy theory,and discuss the effect mechanism of entrepreneurial capacity and entrepreneurial motive on academic entrepreneurial behavior and academic entrepreneurial performance respectively through two sub-studies from the perspective of individual factors of academic entrepreneurs.Based on the addition model and multiplication model of expectancy theory,sub-study 1 takes 5 professors from scientific research institutes as research objects,and conducts an exploratory case study on primary interview data and secondary Internet data using the grounded theory method.It's found that the creation of new venture and patent licensing or transfer are two kinds of academic entrepreneurial behaviors with great differences.At the same time,it's found that dual entrepreneurial capacity,dual entrepreneurial motive and the interaction between dual entrepreneurial capacity and dual entrepreneurial motive have great differences on academic entrepreneurial behavior.Finally,10 related propositions were proposed according to the analysis results.In sub-study 2,also based on the addition model and multiplication model of expectancy theory,10 groups of 30 theoretical hypotheses that dual entrepreneurial capacity and dual entrepreneurial motive influence academic entrepreneurial performance are proposed through theoretical logical derivation.Then,the theoretical hypothesis are tested with the second-hand data of 204 academic entrepreneurs in universities.Some hypotheses are supported by the research results,and the research results are discussed.Through the analysis and demonstration of the two sub-studies,the following main research conclusions are formed:Firstly,opportunity recognition capacity is positively correlated with two kinds of academic entrepreneurial behaviors,and opportunity exploitation capacity is positively correlated with patent licensing or transfer.The interaction between opportunity exploitation capacity and opportunity identification capacity is positively correlated with patent licensing or transfer,but negatively correlated with creating new venture.Secondly,intrinsic motive is positively correlated with the act of creating new venture,and extrinsic motive is positively correlated with patent licensing or transfer.The interaction between intrinsic motive and extrinsic motive is positively correlated with patent licensing or transfer,and negatively correlated with creating new venture.Thirdly,the interaction between opportunity recognition capacity and intrinsic motive is positively correlated with the creation of new enterprises,while negatively correlated with patent licensing or transfer.The interaction between opportunity recognition capacity and extrinsic motive is positively correlated with patent licensing or transfer,but negatively correlated with the establishment of new venture.The interaction of opportunity exploitation capacity and intrinsic motive is positively correlated with patent licensing or transfer,but negatively correlated with the creation of new venture.The interaction between opportunity exploitation capacity and extrinsic motive is positively correlated with patent licensing or transfer,but negatively correlated with the creation of new venture.Fourthly,opportunity recognition capacity is only positively correlated with patent conversion amount,while opportunity exploitation capacity is positively correlated with patent conversion amount and patent conversion rate.The interaction between opportunity recognition capacity and opportunity exploitation capacity is negatively correlated with patent conversion rate.Fifthly,intrinsic motive is positively correlated with patent conversion amount,while extrinsic motive is negatively correlated with patent conversion amount.The interaction between intrinsic motive and extrinsic motive is negatively correlated with patent conversion amount and patent conversion rate.Sixthly,the interactions between intrinsic motive and dual entrepreneurial capactiy positively correlated with patent conversion amount,while the interaction between extrinsic motive and opportunity recognition capacity is negatively correlated with patent conversion amount.Based on expectancy theory,we discuss the mechanism that entrepreneurial capacities and motives affect academic entrepreneurship from a dual perspective,and makes some theoretical contributions to academic entrepreneurship and expectancy theory.Firstly,the direct mechanism and interactive mechanism of dual entrepreneurial capacities influencing academic entrepreneurial behavior and academic entrepreneurial performance are revealed.Secondly,it reveals the direct mechanism and interactive mechanism of dual entrepreneurial motives influencing academic entrepreneurial behavior and academic entrepreneurialperformance.Thirdly,the interactive mechanism of dual entrepreneurial capacity and dual entrepreneurial motive influencing academic entrepreneurial behavior and academic entrepreneurial performance is revealed.The research conclusion of this paper provides valuable practical enlightenment for improving the patent conversion amount and patent conversion rate of universities.Firstly,the establishment of new venture is more conducive to improving the patent conversion rate than patent license or transfer.Secondly,to motivate university professors to transfer patents needs to stimulate and strengthen intrinsic motive.Lastly,it's important to foster the opportunity exploitation capacity in order to improve the patent conversion amount and patent conversion rate.Fourthly,putting too much emphasis on material incentives is not favorable to promote patent conversion.