Research On The Coordination Of Specialty Structure Of Higher Vocational Education With Industrial Structure

Currently,there are several common chanllenges in the specialty structure of higher vocational education: firstly,the number of specialty settings is large and comprehensive,but the setting plan is more intense,and the setting basis is relatively simple.It doesn't match the industrial structure and the actual employment.The specialty repetition rate of popular majors,general majors,and the specialty layout is unreasonable;Thirdly,the new specialty settings have certain blindness,lacking of sufficient argumentation;Fourthly,the specialty adjustment mechanism isn't perfect.Regardless of whether it is from the perspective of theoretical research or from the perspective of actual exertion,the consensus on higher vocational education should the heavy responsibility of cultivating high-quality technical and skilled talents.Adapting to regional industries is an obvious feature of higher vocational education.Higher vocational education should serve regional development,promoting industrial upgrading,providing talent dividends for localities.Therefore,it is particularly important to adapt to the requirements of industrial structure transformation and upgrading,the author hopes to use qualitative and quantitative research methods from the perspective of theory to solve these problems.In the first step,it analyzes the basic concepts of industrial structure and specialty structure,and clarifies that the adjustment of specialty structure mainly includes adjustment content and adjustment mechanism,and takes the adjustment content and adjustment mechanism of specialty structure as the main line,and adopts historical research method to industrial structure since China's reform and opening up.It studies with the policy texts and development status of the specialty structure of higher vocational education to analyze the historical logic and performance characteristics of the specialty structure adapting to the development of industrial structure in adjusting content and adjusting mechanism.Next,on the basis of historical research and literature research,the empirical research paradigm is applied,and the fuzzy evaluation method is used to conduct indepth analysis and comprehensive evaluation of the comprehensive evaluation model of the adaptive structure between Zhejiang industrial structure upgrading and higher vocational education specialty structure adjustment.The problems existed in the specialty structure of higher vocational education in Zhejiang Province.In the next move,the clarification of the problem is the premise of scientific prediction.The author uses relevant analysis,regression analysis,and grey theory model to model and predict Zhejiang's GDP data and higher vocational professional enrollment data for the next five years.The specialty structure adjustment of the institutions proposes objective data support.Fourthly,based on the above experience,texts and data research,the author summarizes the principles of structural adjustment of higher vocational education,and proposes the strategy of structural adjustment of higher vocational education in Zhejiang from three aspects.According to statistics,it points out Zhejiang Province.The direction of professional structural adjustment.Our main finding include:(1)The connection and adaptation of the specialty structure and industrial structure of higher vocational education is the first requirement for the integration of production,education and education in vocational education.Since the reform and opening up,China's industrial structure and the internal structure of the three industries have presented a relatively scientific development trend.In line with this,the specialty structure of higher vocational education is also constantly adjusting.The overall trend and the internal structure of the three industries and various industries are presented.Certain similarities,professional settings are mainly concentrated in secondary and tertiary production.(2)The adaptive model constructed by the comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method is used to evaluate whether the specialty structure and industrial structure of Zhejiang higher vocational education are suitable.It is concluded that the industrial structure of Zhejiang Province and the structure of higher vocational education have a very high degree of membership of 0.2334,which is highly adaptable.The membership degree is 0.2257,the moderate adaptation membership degree is 0.2475,and the mild degree of membership is 0.1428,which indicates that it is moderately adapted.If more positive reform measures are taken,the corresponding reforms will be carried out in terms of mild adaptation and incompatibility.The probability of high adaptation is still large.(3)Using the gray system model,using the data of the ratio of the key industries in Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2017 and the enrollment ratio of 19 major classes in higher vocational colleges,the regression equation is used to predict the agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry of higher vocational colleges in Zhejiang Province.When predicting the enrollment ratio,it is found that the enrollment ratio of equipment manufacturing category does not match the industrial structure of “smart manufacturing” in Zhejiang Province.It is necessary to further collect data and analyze the existence of vocational colleges in the major categories of equipment manufacturing.Based on the analysis above,we suggest on policies to realize the matching of professional structure and industrial structure:Firstly,the adaptation of specialty structure and industrial structure is an important part of the integration of production and education in higher vocational education.In order to adapt to the country's strategy of further promoting the upgrading of industrial structure,higher vocational education will inevitably have a new round of adaptation.Professional setting,structural adjustment and professional construction,higher vocational colleges should promptly adjust the specialty structure,adapt to the regional industrial structure transformation and upgrading,take the initiative to adapt and moderately advance,and form an effective interaction.Secondly,improve the formulation and landing of professional standards such as professional and professional setting standards and professional teaching standards.The standards and methods of occupational classification are important reference and basis for setting up professional and professional groups in higher vocational colleges.The education administrative department shall jointly formulate national standards and professional institutions to formulate personnel training programs based on standards.The formulation of national standards needs to be based on the development background of modern industries,especially the opportunities and challenges brought by the development of “artificial intelligence” technology to vocational education.Thirdly,give full play to the role of relevant stakeholders in government,enterprises,industries and schools,and incorporate higher vocational education into the overall long-term planning of regional economic and social development,embodying regional industrial structure and characteristics in professional layout,scale and structure.For key industries,we will do a good job in the specialty and cultivate professional and professional groups with characteristics and advantages.Fourthly,the starting point of flexible professional adjustment mechanism is the market demand side and the talent supply side,insisting on the integration of production and education,promoting the effective coupling of industrial structure and specialty structure,realizing the effective connection between teaching process and production process,and forming the integration of higher vocational education and education.Professional construction mode.The construction of professional groups is an important direction for the future structural adjustment of higher vocational education.It is more competitive in integrating resources,exerting social effects,and flexibly adapting to industrial changes.Fifthly,the main direction of the specialty structure adjustment of higher vocational colleges in Zhejiang Province is that the government should proceed from the overall situation of the regional economy and encourage the combination of the local economy and the scale of higher vocational education.According to the reality of industrial cluster development,the overall planning of higher vocational professional groups in the province will be planned,from a decentralized specialty structure to a clustered specialty structure.Through the enrollment ratio to adjust the professional scale,docking "Zhejiang Zhizao",increase the enrollment ratio of equipment manufacturing.To sum up,this study has carried out in-depth research on the subject of industrial structure and specialty structure evaluation of higher vocational education from the theoretical level,method level and practice level.On the theoretical level,this study systematically proposes the conceptual connotation and related relationship of regional industrial structure,employment structure and specialty structure,and clarifies the logic and law between industrial structure and the development of higher vocational education through historical analysis;from the method level,to the higher level The empirical study on the adaptability of specialty structure and industrial structure of vocational education,and on the basis of research,evaluates the adaptability of regional industrial structure and higher vocational education structure through the construction of mathematical models,and establishes predictive models through grey theory and mathematical statistics.On the methodological level,quantitative and qualitative organic integration is realized;on the practical level,taking Zhejiang Province as a case,according to the development of higher vocational profession and industrial structure adjustment,the regression equation between the proportion of GDP and the proportion of enrollment is established.Based on the three major production of professional large-scale enrollment to make predictions,provide data support for the relevant departments of Zhejiang Province policy formulation.Based on the constant questioning of questions,the cooperation and sharing of different disciplines,the cross-combination of qualitative research and quantitative research,is the research paradigm that the author hopes to show and communicate with everyone in the research process.