Political Research On High-quality Poverty Alleviation Of Chinese Poor Population From The Perspective Of Political Economy

Poverty is an economic and social issue that has troubled humans for a long time.It is a concomitant of human development.Poverty is not only the result of backward productivity,underdevelopment of the economy,but also related to institutional inequality of production relations and poor capacity.Most poverty is manifested as a phenomenon of material or spiritual poverty,which often has a complex and profound basis of production mode and social factors,and there are different structural causes under different social and economic conditions.In order to solve this problem and improve the overall welfare of human beings,scholars with different knowledge backgrounds have conducted a lot of researches,and a series of theories and experience discussions on the nature and root causes of poverty formed.Poverty alleviation is human beings' dream for a happy life.It is a common theme for the international community.It is also an urgent era task for all countries,especially for the developing countries in the world.The human society constantly seeks to get rid of famine and poverty,and realize human liberation and development.Therefore,poverty and anti-poverty issues have always been important research topics in economic field.Material is the basis for human survival and development,and also the prerequisite for poverty alleviation.At first poverty is manifested as low income and living standard.Starting from classical political economics represented by Adam Smith,poverty of the underclass has entered the field of economic research,and it is even regarded as basic proposition of the development economics theory emerging in mid-20 th century.However,the schools of the western economics usually studied the technical causes of poverty from the unbalanced development,labor market failure and other causes regarding economic operation or individual factors.They rarely analyzed the institutional causes of poverty from the production mode or economy system.As a result,the research conclusions fail to guide the anti-poverty institutions and policies in developing countries such as China,and there are also many limitations in practice.Marxist political economics,by contrast,insisted on the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism,and analyzed poverty based on the contradiction between productivity and productive relations.It is more scientific to explore the nature,causes and influencing factors of poverty so as to put forward the strategy,path,mechanism to alleviate poverty,as well as structural poverty alleviation measures focusing on certain regions.These theories provide theoretical guidance and program design for the high-quality poverty alleviation and consolidation of poverty alleviation of Chinese poor population.In practice,it also made remarkable achievements.The liberation and development of the productive forces,the elimination of absolute poverty and the realization of common prosperity are the essential requirements and the bottom standard of socialism,as well as the fundamental position of Marxist political economy for socialist anti-poverty research.Deng Xiaoping pointed out that poverty is not socialism.To eliminate poverty and build a socialism with superiority to capitalism,we must first get rid of poverty.The superiority of socialism lies in constantly improving the people's material and cultural levels on the basis of improving the productivity.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,the Communist Party of China has led the Chinese people in unleashing and developing the productive forces through socialist transformation and socialist economic development,embarking on a great journey of socialist anti-poverty.After the reform and opening up,Deng Xiaoping and other central leaders led the Chinese people in exploring the path of a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics,continuously liberating and developing the productive forces and advancing the socialist anti-poverty by launching a large-scale poverty reduction program.Since the eighteenth congress,the party central committee with comrade Xi aimed to build a well-off society in an all-round way and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the Chinese dream.Poverty alleviation and development has been included in the five-pronged overall plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy.As a key task to achieve the first centenary goal,poverty alleviation and development has embarked on a path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics.Through the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation and elimination,we have got rid of the overall regional poverty and achieve the bottom-line goal of lifting the poor rural population out of poverty and impoverished counties out of poverty under the current standards,which is to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Historic solution of absolute poverty shows the advantages and governance efficiency of socialism with Chinese characteristics,shows the world the outstanding wisdom of the governing of the communist party of China.It is also the great victory of the socialist anti-poverty and proves Marxism is scientific in guiding anti-poverty.China has made a decisive achievement in eradicating absolute poverty at this new historical juncture of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.However,the difficulties and challenges we face remain formidable from a decisive achievement to an overall victory,and we must not slacken our efforts.Giving top priority to improving the quality of poverty alleviation,a filling the weakness,and ensuring that poverty alleviation is accomplished in a high-quality manner are directly related to the success of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the modernization process.President Xi stressed that poverty alleviation should not only focus on quantity,but also on quality.We should strictly ensure that poverty is eliminated,and strictly implement procedures to ensure that poverty is removed from the real world.The current poverty engines into the national census period.Inspection results are not only based on the quantity,but also on the quality.Only by doing a good job in comprehensively evaluating the quality of poverty alleviation,strengthening weak areas,eliminating fake poverty alleviation can the quality of poverty alleviation and overall prosperity be tested by history and the people.For a long time,there have been abundant literature on the causes and characteristics of poverty,multi-dimensional measurement,poverty reduction measures and effects,but the research on the quality of poverty alleviation is scarce.In recent years,there have been a large number of achievements in targeted poverty alleviation in China,but most of them focused on poverty alleviation paths or effects such as “five batches”,and lack the in-depth investigations focusing on the quality of poverty alleviation.Some researches on the quality of poverty alleviation focus on the measurement of poverty reduction based on capacity poverty or multi-dimensional poverty method.There are few researches involving the systematic factors or institutional analysis of high-quality poverty alleviation.We believe that the historic poverty problem not only involve the finished poverty alleviation on schedule,but also the high-quality exit of poor areas and poor population.It not only involves the progress of the poverty indicators,but also the achievements of multidimensional,stable and sustainable poverty reduction,as well as controllable risk of re-poverty.This comprehensive and sustainable high-quality poverty alleviation is a remarkable result of transforming the political advantages of the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics into poverty governance.Guided by the basic principles of Marxist political economy and Xi Jinping's economic thoughts,this paper starts from the relationship between productive forces and production relations,scientifically analyzes the nature and law of poverty,and constructs the framework of high-quality poverty alleviation based on the structural distribution and background of poverty alleviation.From the perspective of building a well-off society,this article defines and measures high-quality poverty alleviation of poor people under socialism with Chinese characteristics.Based on this,this paper evaluates the results and quality of poverty alleviation efforts,and puts forward the path and key policies for high-quality poverty alleviation in China from the aspects of all-round development of productivity and improvement of production relations.This paper is problem-oriented.First,the paper proposes the core theme,how to understand the quality of poverty alleviation and promote high-quality poverty alleviation among the poor based on the background that the moderately prosperous society in all respects is moving from decisive achievement to comprehensive victory.Second,this paper sorts out the academic history and research trends focusing on high-quality poverty alleviation.Namely,the important thoughts of Marx and Engels on impoverishment of the proletariat,the related thoughts and theories of the communist party of China since the founding of new China,the main theoretical research achievements of western economists on poverty and anti-poverty,the research progress of targeted poverty alleviation and improvement of poverty alleviation quality in China.Based on these,this paper introduces the theoretical basis and disciplinary perspective of this study.Third,this paper conducts a theoretical analysis of political economy based on the core theme,poverty alleviation with high quality.This paper puts forward a comprehensive and systematic analytical framework and appropriate multi-dimensional measurement standards.This article focuses on explaining the multi-dimensional meaning,essential characteristics and measurement criteria of high-quality poverty alleviation of the poor population in the context of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.Fourth,based on the above theoretical viewpoints and measurement methods,the quality evaluation and effectiveness analysis of China's anti-poverty is carried out.In addition,sample data of typical regions are collected to carry out empirical analysis on the factors influencing high-quality poverty alleviation of the poor population.Fifth,based on comprehensive theoretical and empirical analysis,this article discusses the implementing path of high-quality poverty alleviation through consolidating the material foundation,improving the institutional guarantee,giving full play to the effective market and the coupling effect of the government and social forces,and achieving high-quality poverty alleviation by category.The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects.First,this paper conducts an in-depth and systematic political economy analysis on poverty alleviation and poverty governance with Chinese characteristics.The existing poverty literatures focus more on the causes,characteristics,identification and measurements of poverty,or paths and measures of poverty alleviation.There are few researches on high-quality poverty alleviation.China has reached a historical juncture of comprehensively improving the quality of poverty alleviation,consolidating its achievements in poverty alleviation,and comprehensively building socialist modernization.It is important and significant to study the quality of poverty alleviation among the poor.Guided by the position,viewpoint and method of Marxist political economy,this paper focuses on the quality of poverty alleviation of poor population.It is not only an important attempt of anti-poverty political economy research with Chinese characteristics,but also provides decision-making reference for China to consolidate the quality of poverty alleviation,win the complete victory of poverty alleviation,and promote the poor people to achieve all-round development and a better new life after getting rid of poverty.Second,this paper constructs an analytical framework of high-quality poverty alleviation.Based on the stand,viewpoint and methods of Marxist political economics,and absorbing the international research results such as multidimensional poverty theory,the connotation of high-quality poverty alleviation is explained from the comprehensive,sustainable,multi-dimensional and relative poverty alleviation.Based on this,the characteristics,identification and measurement of high-quality poverty alleviation are discussed.Using data related to high-quality poverty alleviation,the paper empirically evaluates the shortcomings of poverty alleviation quality,comprehensively defines the influencing factors of high-quality poverty alleviation,and provides targeted countermeasures for the realization of poverty alleviation with high quality.Third,the empirical analysis of the factors that cause poverty and influence high-quality poverty alleviation enriches the experience of related researches.This paper carries out a lot of theoretical analysis and some views.Based on this,this article chooses Aba prefecture of Sichuan province as regional samples,collects the data of the local poor population for analysis.By comprehensively using a variety of measurement methods and considering the heterogeneity of the poor population,the empirical analysis of the factors causing poverty and affecting high-quality poverty alleviation are analyzed and some useful conclusions and policy implications are obtained.