| Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal originates from spring and autumn period, in Sui dynasties which it forms the basic pattern, also it become the best state in Yuan dynasty, with further improvement and realignment the Grand Canal produces a new brilliancy in Ming Qing period. During the 2500 years of the vicissitudes of life change, the Grand Canal, more than a thousand miles, flows through six provinces and cities of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Suzhou, Zhejiang four provinces and two cities, connecting five natural rivers from west to east of Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe, Yangtze River and Qiantang lake, as well, the Grand Canal builds upon a net by the continuation of the water. Because of the opening shipping conditions the Grand Canal sustains the transportation of the grain and goods, and it is a lifeline to each dynasty, which to maintain national unity and promote urban cultural and economic exchanging, also the Grand Canal is a bridge of the country's foreign trade and cultural communication, and it is also one of the ecological buildings.Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal has rich in natural scenery and cultural, historical view, these form a high and brilliantly beautiful painting. Opening the scroll of this painting, it displays the absorbing canal culture, colorful ropes, rich and exquisite food culture, evergreen music and drama, exquisite beauty of the arts and crafts, exquisite beauty of the arts and crafts, these all express the open and lively culture of the Grand Canal. As the same as a bond, the Grand Canal permeates with boats, merchants, shops and markets, cargo, bridges, dwelling houses, highlighting the busyness the scenery of busyness.Now the Grand Canal can not compare to yesterday times, however, the deep cultural and history still affect the city's development and construction of urban space. The Grand Canal influences shape and urban space, which are important element in the city, what's more, it dominants the image and readability of the cities. Consequently, the big cities concern the landscape design and development of the Grand Canal, in order to build a distinctive feature of the canal area and to meet public demands and to attract passers.Based on the history and the status quo of the Grand Canal, this thesis dug the culture and function of the Grand Canal, also it analyzed the relationship between the Grand Canal and city. Through the investigation and analysis, the symbol landscapes of the Grand Canal should be consisted of five factors: riverbank, industrial landscape, architecture, residence and street, garden and park. In addition, this thesis analyzes the design principles and sleights of symbol landscapes as to provide reference for the landscape design of the Grand Canal.This thesis is divided into four parts, the first chapter is introduction, which brings forward the purposes and research objects of the research, and defines the concept of the research sums up review study also brings forward the methods and frameworks;the second chapter, focus on the hang of the Grand Canal's historical changes, and the rich culture as same as the function of the canal;the third chapter analyses that the Grand Canal is a side effect of the city, also summarizes the relationships between the Grand Canal and cities. Moreover, this chapter studies the coastal cities beyond the Grand Canal in the unique geography and culture landscape, and sums up the remains of the canal to form a combination of the Grand Canal's symbolic landscapes factors; the fourth chapter combines examples to explain in detail the elements of the Grand Canal's symbolic landscapes factors, therefore it deeply discusses the design principles and methods to provide practices for future design of the canal landscape design.
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