Quality Evaluation And Characteristic Research Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Liangshan Area

Basic on Liangshan flue-cured tobacco samples (including B2F, C3F, X3F total of three grades), focusing on three aspects including appearance character of the leaf, the quality of smoke panel test and conventional chemical composition, this paper make system comprehensive analysis on quality and characteristics of flue-cured tobacco in tobacco-growing areas. Compared the tobacco quality difference in different ecological types and in different charactors of the tobacco-growing areas ,and studied the relationship between tobacco quality and chemical components, defined the main chemical components influencing Liangshan tobacco leaf quality, provided an important theoretical basis to the directional cultivation and scale development of whole Liangshan area, to satisfy cigarette industry's demand for raw materials of, the specific results are as follows:1.The appearance character of flue-cured tobacco in Lingshan tobacco-growing areas:Better tobacca leaf maturity, predominantly with maturity; color with orange based; structure of upper leaves are loosen - ~ loose areas, the middle and bottom leaves are all the loosen; capacity with moderate-based; oil content, the middle leaf has more - number of areas, lower leaves in the number of areas; color is mainly strong and thick.2. The chemical components'character of flue-cured tobacco in Lingshan tobacco-growing areas:On the whole, the total sugar, reducing sugar content in Liangshan tobacco leaves is on the high side,chlorine content is low, ratio of kalium and chloride and ratio of sugar and nitrogen are both relatively hig; total alkaloids and total nitrogen of upper leaves are in medium; kalium content is in middle; ratio of sugar and alkali, ratio of nitrogen and alkal and difference of two sugaer are moderate;the total nicotine content in middle leaves are moderate,total nitrogen content is a bit lower than middle level;kalium content is a bit higher than middle level, ration of nitrogen and alkali is moderate,ration of sugar and alkali is higher, difference of two sugaer is higher;total nicotine content and total nitrogen content in bottom leaves are lower, kalium content is in high level, ratio of sugar and alkali is higher,ratio of nitrogen and alkali, and difference of two sugaer is moderate, ratio of sugar and nitrogen is higher.3. The characteristics of Liangshan smoking tobaccos in sensory quality:Most of the tobaccos in the central part of Liangshan have a delicate fragrance among their intense flavor. Some have an intense-to-intermediary fragrance, and the other ones which are intense, intermediary, intermediary-to-delicate, delicate are in a lower rate; The strength is moderate; the quality of aroma is better; the amount of aroma is full; the after-taste is comfortable; the miscellaneous gas is lighter; the irritation is in the category of low to lower; the combustibility was medium; the color of ash is gray; the quality grading is in the category of higher medium to better. Good overall quality, highly industrial availability.4.Leaf quality characteristics in different ecological regions of Liangshan: The presentation of plant chemical composition of tobacco leaves in four different ecological tobacco growing areas, more alkali and nitrogen in the second area , more sugar in the third area, less sugar and more potassium in the fourth area . The sensory fragrant type of the middle part leaves in four area of is mainly type of enrich and delicate, the first area is the type of enrich and fen-flavor; there is no type of middle, middle baseing delicate and fen-flavor in the second area; no type of enrich, middle and middle baseing delicate in the third area; no type of enrich and fen-flavor in the fourth area.Merely the second area yields tobacco with type of enrich, and only the third area yields tobacco with type of fen-flavor.5. The quality characteristics of Liangshan smoking tobaccos with diverse fragrance:The smoking tobaccos with delicate fragrance contain much reduced sugar in which with much nitrogen as well. The total plant alkaloid of intense fragrant tobaccos is much more than that in other tobaccos. The intense fragrant and intense-to-intermediary tobaccos have much nitrogen than the delicate ones. The sugar alkaloid content in delicate fragrant tobaccos is much higher than it is in intense fragrant ones. The best smoking quality tobaccos of these varieties are the delicate, the delicate-to-intermediary and the intermediary-to-delicate ones, followed by the intermediary, then the intense and intense-to-intermediary ones.6. The relationship between sensory quality of Liangshan smoking tobaccos and their chemical components:The sensory quality of smoking is affected a lot by the tobaccos'chemical components, such as total suga, total reduced sugar, total nitrogen, potassium, and the ratio of sugar and nitrogen, especially related to sugar and nitrogen. And the degree of correlation between sensory quality and their chemical components has reached a great high level. Increasing the total contents of sugar and reduced sugar, the ratio of sugar and alkaloid, the ratio of nitrogen and alkaloid and the ratio of sugar and nitrogen, as well as decreasing the contents of the plant alkaloid and nitrogen, will help a lot to improve the sensory quality of smoking tobacco. Total sugar is increased along with tobacco maturity improvement, so controlling the degree of tobacco maturity precisely will greatly improve the sensory quality.