Computer English Words And Their Translation

The advent of computer was in the 1940s. Its development was only in its embryonic phrase, but already many now-familiar elements of computational terminology were falling into place,: analogue and digital; bit, data and memory; language and program; punchcard and imput. In the 1950s, computers were starting to move out of university laboratories into commercial establishments. Artificial intelligence, information technology, and data processing had their beginnings and terms like bootstrap and modem, on line and real time, print-out and RAM and FORTRAN entered English. The 1960s saw the greatest lexical advances in computer science. As computeracy spread and one by one various aspects of our lives became computerized, we would learn the significance of bytes, chips, cursors, databases, mice and software. We could format and access to computers, fluent in ASCII, BASIC, and Cobol. And for our leisure moments, there were computer games. In 1970s, the computer continued its march towards the center of our lives, bringing amounts of new terminology: floppy disk and hard disk, microprocessors and window and the dreaded virus. We acquired personal computers or word processors and to print results of our labors, the dot matrix, the daisy wheel, and later the laser printer. We could communicate via the Ethernet and have barely heard of hacking and the need of data protection. In the 1980s, cyberspace infiltrated the interstices of the everyday world. Computer technology leaped ahead, enriching the English language. Only an ageing minority were not, it seemed, computerate, and able to cope with booting, down loading, and dragging. It was the decade which saw the beginning of the Internet and information highway, of e-mail,of domains and newsgroups.。In 1990s cybernauts and netties surfed the WWW, to be in the swim you had to have your own website or homepage , you would hope to avoid the spam and mail bombs , but the main fear is millennium bug. From the historical review we can see how computer changes our lives and our language. I. Introduction.The introduction consists of three parts. The first briefly reviews the theory of language and language study, pointing out the aim of this study.The second give the definition of computer English words in three aspects: strings of letters and words used in programming and processing, technical terms, and casual expressions used by computer enthusiasts.The third describes the language change under the effect of computer technology. The computer technology has swept into the English vocabulary and given birth to a wide array of new words and phrases – computer English words.II Word Formation of Computer English Words Computer English employs different word formation devices to form large amount of computer English words. By studying these morphological rules of word formation, the characteristics of computer English words can be realized. The major methods of word formation in computer English words include compounding, affixation, conversion, blending, acronyms, clipping and eponyms.III Characteristics Analysis of Computer English Words The Computer English words surely should belong to the category of EST (English for Science and Technology) words. While keeping some general features of EST words they still maintain some striking features, which distinguish themselves from EST words. Brevity, popularity, and vividness are their characteristics. Shortened words take a large proportion of computer English words, and enormous floods of shorted words are used in computer English. So computer English words possess features of brevity. Three motivations for the use of shortening are social and historical motivation, psychological motivation and technological motivation.Computer English words, which differ from general EST words, do not use many highly technical words but a large member of sub-technical words. Computer English borrows from general English a great amount of everyday words, and applies technical meanings to them, ther...