Study On The Evaluation And Exploitation Of Ecotourism Resources In Ningwu County Of Shanxi Province

Nowadays, the ecotourism is progressing rapidly in many countries and areas, and has become a trend of the world tourism development and management activity. Based on the data of World Tourism Organization (WTO), the person-time of participating in ecotourism passed 3 billion in 2000, which number is increasing at 6.7 percent per year at present. The tourism industry is sure to be an very important economic growth point. It is significant to analyse and evaluate the ecotourism resources and set up the modern ecotourism development patterns for promoting the sustainable ecotourism developments, eploitating and protecting the ecotourism resources.The headstream of Fen River which is the mother river of Shanxi, the county of Ningwu, lying in Guancen Mountain Area, northwest of Shanxi province, is one of the birthplaces of Chinese yellow river civilization, also the homeland of the North China Larch. As one of the scarce ones with densed ecotourism resources in China, the county of Ningwu is reputed as a bright green pearl in Loess Altiplano. Now the scenery regions are under construction, but as lack of the cognition of the value of this county's ecotourism resources, the scientific, systemic and practical development schemes and understandings of the relations between tourism and environments, the deep development of the region's ecotourism resources is limited. So the keys to the sustainable development of the county's natural protection career and the economic growth are to evaluate the area's ecotourism resources scientifically, comfirm the development direction and emphasis and put forward the development frames and notions. Additionally, the theoretic study of the county's ecotourism can provide a reference for the same style of ecotourism development practice in our country.The paper studies out a new classification system and a relevant quantitative evaluation method on the basis of the Criterion of General Investigation of Tourism Resources in China and the scientific analysis of the ecotourism resources in the county of Ningwu, through absorbing experts and scientists' experiences and taking the relatives between the quantitative evaluation and the classified system of ecotourism resources into account. The new classification system of ecotourism resources considers not only the attribute classification, but also the dimension grade, which benefit the quantitative evaluation. According to the new classification system, the Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to evaluate quantitatively the attribute types, the preponderant resources and the grade conditions of the ecotourism resources which belong to 245 tourism resource units in the county of Ningwu. There aremanly mountains, caves, lakes/reservoirs, fresh air, favourable climate and grassland sceneries in the natural ecotourism resource serials, which total scores are all over 4.0. And the location brings us the good quality air (with cathode oxygen ion) and the climate for recuperating (forest bath recuperation and forest oxygen bar). In the civilization ecotourism resource serials the majority is about historical heritages, totaling 12 patterns, which scores are all below 1.0, except the relic of the old city and site of military recovery, which shows the historical heritage ecotourism resources can't be regarged as the guiding resources, but the recuperating and spending holiday patterns of resources stand out. It is because Ningwu have many advantageous resources on ecotourism arid forest recuperation with self-contained and well-circulating biology chains and crude ecosystem-Guiding by the policy of "protection, development and utilization" and "extruding themes, multiplying functions and integrating mass", the author sheds the viewpoint of the development frame of " five regions and two activities " in Ningwu on the basis of quantitative evaluation. The five regions means taking the advantage of mountains to develop Luya mountain ecotourism region, of lakes to develop Tianchi ecotourism region, of headstream to develop Fen River ecotouri...