System Transition And Citizens' Participation

The democratic consciousness and political participation enthusiasm of citizens has been strengthened unceasingly since the reform and opening. Our party and government constantly emphasize "citizens' orderly involved", and take it as the important content of promoting democracy with Chinese characteristics. In villages, to expanding farmers' orderly involved, on the one hand, farmers must be recruited to the political system and play the most part of public participation by national innovation governance system. On the other hand, by the Organization and institutionalization of farmers' participation, gain the polymerization, expression and maintenance of interests, further strengthen their participation ability. So it is an important work with great academic value and practical significance to study the system transition and citizens' participation, and explore the role of citizens' participation and its developing rules.The thesis chooses "rural water distribution" as the breakthrough point, with the national gradual decentralization reform and farmers' participation form development (evolution) as the main line, through the dynamic investigation on system and participation types such as "command system and mobilize type involved", "pressure system and individualized involved", "autonomous system and organizational "since the people's communes. The thesis detailed explains farmers' participation play the creative roles in the process of promoting rural water distribution system transition.The first chapter of thesis is academic literature review and sort out. The second and three chapters separately elaborate that in the command system and pressure system formed by the flexible of the state power, under the administrative and security administration water distribution system which government established, farmers choose maintaining and realizing personal interests as the starting point, breakout institutional obstacles through the participation of individual and institutional behavior outside and promote the transformation and development of the water resources allocation system. The fourth chapter discusses after tax and fee reform, state powers exit and production material socialization, which make the villager autonomy gradually come to reality and rural governance establish autonomous system. However, different villages formed different distribution system by the influence of external factors and internal conditions. Because the continuation of farmer'individual and institutional outside participation, some villages formed transitional state such as disordered distribution, powerful distribution and compromise distribution in respectively. Which lead to the waste of resources and disruptions, the shortage of public products supply or public affairs management, and even it is difficult to build autonomous authority. While some farmers realized the management of public affairs and public products supply through the organization and institutionalization of participation and establishing orderly distribution system, bottom-up granted autonomy organization management power, finally realized effective village governance.On the basis of the above study, the fifth chapter puts forward four conclusions. The farmer'participation behavior impact and breakthrough institutional obstacles continuously prompt the reform of national policy and system modes; Farmers' participation is the subject of autonomous system establishment and development; The organization of farmers' participation is the foundation and approach of the governance system's development; The institutionalization of farmers' participation is the safeguard of the the governance system's development.