Research And Practice On China's Township Reform

Township reform plays an important role in country construction in New Times. It is the inevitable result of rural economic and social development as well as the inevitable requirement of rural economic and social development. With the deepening of "tax and charge reform", the problem of township becomes more and more prominent. All kinds of reform plans from theoretical field and explorations from local governments have emerged. These plans and explorations have reflected some difference on the problem definition and path seclection. But all these plans and explorations have the same goal, to build a harmonious society that is democratic, equal, honest, active, stable and ruled by law. As in recent years the reform of township has the characteristics of swaying and lagging down, it is necessary for us to review the process of reform and use the experience of other countries for reference. The author pays much attention to the current differences between China's local governments, especially the differences between mainland and Honkong and Taiwan. Maybe it is more meaningful to examine and compare the differences which have the same history and culture and which are different in times. As for the drive force of reform and the internal power running patterns of townships which have been neglected before, the author pays more attention so as to increase the pratical and operative meaning.This essay is composed of 7 parts:In the foreward, the author gave the meaning of choosing the topic. The reform of townships need innovation in theory and research methods;In the first chaper is the important part of the essay. The author made a completeanalysis of the theoretical results about township reform. The analysis was made according to the model of country-society. The author hopes to step out of the jam of vicious circle and zero-sum game between nation power and villiage society;In the second chapter, the author made a briefly description about the history of China's townships;The third chaper the author introduced the current situation of township reform.The fourth chapter, the author made a briefly summary for the township institution history of Britain, America, Germany and Japan in the angle of local autonomy and found out the same characteristics in them. The author paid special attention to the relationship between root construction and upper construction and the whole country construction as well as the relationship between villiagers and governments;In the fifth chapter focused on introduction of the theories about township reform. The author dissertated the theories of profitable national broker and local autonomy, making a comparison between entrepreneurial brokerage and ptotective national brokerageIn the sixth chapter the author made the pilot design of township reform, paying much attention to the pratical background of township reform.