A Study Of Chinese Villages And Towns Organization Reformation In New Period

Township is the most basic administrative unit in China to assume the management in special fields such as politics, economics and social affairs and so on. It represents a special role in the entire administrative system.Since our modernization is drove by forces from outsides, the development of political democracy is in need of the participation of governments.And rural democracy including self-governance by villiagers cannot go without the support and guide from local governments. With the development of the whole society, the rural governments have started reform which focused on the function transition. However, the dilemma of"subtracting, expanding, re-subtracting, re-expanding"is exsisting currently.During this new period, the central government has put forward ideas of building Socialist Harmonious Society, New Socialist Countryside, and the strategic objective of a well-off society.At the same time, with the establishment of new relations between urban and rural areas, the abolition of Agricultural tax, all these factors are giving challenge to institutional reform of towns.Currently, there are a lot of academic theories about the institutional reform of towns, which mainly focus on overall level of them, changes in the functions of the township, streamlining of agencies and so on.Chinese governments in towns were established in accordance with the uniform regulations, So there are identical problems in establiment, functions and managements.It makes sense to take the count of liling in Hunan province as the example to analysze and research.This paper will introduce the case of Liling, including the active performances and effects achieved and also the problems and causes.In the beginning it provides us that the main purpose of government reform is to set up a government of democracy and legal System, and of course it should be a Service-Oriented Government.It is supposed that there are four ways to establish service agencies with all the characteristics above. First, realize the transformation of function, so as to build a diversified supply system of public services; second, promote democracy in the bottom of the whole society, encouraging the masses to participate in politics in an orderly manner; Third, promote implement of laws, improve the binding systems; Finally, the governments in local county and town should coordinate and achieve consensus in rights and responsibilities.