School-based Management: A Trail Of The Management System In Non-government Primary & Secondary Schools

Originating in 1980s in Australia, America and Canada, and being introduced into HongKong and Taiwan in 1990s, the school---based management (SBM) is a new managerial theoryand method. Based on schools, the school---based management lays stress on "decentralization"and "delegation" which means the government should transfer its governing power down toschools so that schools will have more autonomous power to deal with their own affairs. If so,schools can become a principal part of self---management and self---development. Meanwhile,schools are free to decide their distributions of resources, the budget of finance, exploitation andofferings of curriculums and the arrangements of personnel according to their own willingness.Thereby, it has changed the traditional managerial system, optimized educational resources, andimproved the quality of school. In a word, the school---based management focuses on"decentralization" and "policy---participation".In our country, non---government schools should be the ideal places to practice the SBMbecause they have more flexible ways to run schools and less restrains than state---ownedschools. It's feasible to spread the successful experience to the whole elementary education afternon---government schools have obtained the experience.Based on the analyses of the present situation of the non---government schools and theirpresent management, the paper intends to point out the problems existing in their managementand the feasibility and necessity to practice the SBM with reference of foreign experience ofSBM. And the paper makes analyses of the SBM from theory: its origination, development,intension, philosophical basis, main measures and implementer mechanism. The paper alsopresents the inner and outer supporting measures to implement the SBM in non---governmentschools, including outer supports from government, society, community and families;innersupports from the leaders of schools, new ideas of management, and school---based curriculums.At last, the paper makes objective evaluations and expectations for SBM.