The Research On The Motivation On The Basis Of Teachers' Needs In Higher Institutions

The reformation and development of higher institutions need teachers'work initiative who are the principal part of running a school, strengthening the teachers'work initiative, is an important task of teachers'management especially teachers'motivation in higher institutions. Attention the teachers'needs, carrying out the motivation on the basis of teachers'needs in higher institutions is a new development of teachers'motivation in higher institution, which can strengthen teachers'initiatives furthest, therefore it takes on important significance in theory and practice to research the motivation on the basis of teachers'needs in higher institutions. The motivation on the basis of teachers'needs in higher institutions, is the process that governors in higher institutions combining with the practice of higher institutions'management, on the foundation of considering adequately and induct teachers'needs, by means of combining manifold motivation methods, meet teachers'needs reasonably and adequately, inspiring teachers work incentive sostenuto and furthest. It is the requirement of Mass Higher Education, as well as the exigent requirement of higher institutions'management, and moreover which is the requirement of teachers themselves, it has abundant connotation, and the superiorities of it involve fast motivation, induct motivation and persistent motivation. The academic foundations of carrying on the motivation on the basis of teachers'needs in higher institutions include the Y theory of humanity hypothesis, the people-oriented management theory, the psychological contract theory and the motivation theory on the basis of needs, By the investigation and analysis of teachers'needs and status in quo of teachers'motivation in four universities and colleges in Hunan and the observation of teachers'needs and the teachers'motivation practice in higher institutions, we find teachers have work environment, get humanism solicitude, esteemed and recognized, individual development needs and so on. But currently the subjective color is too thick in teachers'motivation measures, which is farm from teachers'needs, and the satisfaction extent is pervasive not high, the problem is: fire into the wrong flock of understanding the human nature, think much of obligation but make light of motivation; instrumental rationality is too strong, think much of higher institutions'needs but make light of teachers'needs; exist warp when judge the needs, meet teachers'needs not adequately; lack needs induction, meet teachers'needs not reasonably. The motivation on the basis of teachers'needs in higher institutions should adopt following countermeasures: understanding the importance of motivation on the basis of teachers'needs in higher institutions; grasping the teachers'need and carrying our motivation purposefully; inducting teachers'needs and carrying out motivation directly; adopting substantial motivation and immaterial motivation synchronously; and paying more attention of job motivation.