Research On Curriculum Resources Exploitation In The Curriculum Reform Of Basic Education

Curriculum resource is one of the many strongly emphasize concepts inthe curriculum reform of basic education, and as the force of the curriculum reform isincreasing, the importance of the curriculum resource is becoming appearance. Thereare more and more people become recognize that the rang and level of curriculumimplement rest on the abundance and the exploitation and utilize's level of thecurriculum resource. If we don't have the support of the curriculum resource, the bestimagination of curriculum reform should not become the realistic educational products.The abundance and pertinence decide the rang and level of the curriculum aim'srealization. If we don't resolve the problem of curriculum resource exploitation best,this problem would influence the spread and popularization of the curriculum reform inthe basic education.The researches on the curriculum resource in the area of educational theory havealready existed early, but the concepts of the curriculum resource which the scholarsdefine all have the shortages. So we made some changes and reconstruct the concept,and think: the curriculum resource is a resource system which the main body of thecurriculum development and implement can use in the process, it is the guarantee andsupport system which the curriculum development and implement process must have.At the same time we also define the relation among the curriculum resource, theeducation resource, the study resource and the teaching resource, which is theindependence and across relation among them. About the classify research oncurriculum resource, we also connect the criterion which we have mastered and the needof research now, be classify the curriculum resource according two criterions: first,according the lays of the development, we put the curriculum resource into country,local's, school's, student's curriculum resource; second according the representableform put the curriculum resource into the curriculum material resource and curriculummanpower resource.The social survey which is about the problem of the curriculum resourceexploitation to the school in the curriculum reform show us, there are so many problems existed in the realistic exploiting course: the schools are short of the curriculumresource and the effective exploitation measures; the teachers exploit the curriculumresource are very difficult because they are lack the support from inside and outside;and last the curriculum resource which we have can not satisfy the students' needsperfectly, we lack to attending the independence of the students. If we want to resolveall the problems perfectly, we must construct a reasonable mode of the curriculumresource exploitation, and use this mode connects all the parts of the exploiting course,ensure the exploiting activity going well. According to our construction, the mode of thecurriculum resource exploitation includes four main parts, there is exploiting course,exploiter, exploiting lay, and exploiting guarantee. The exploiting course is the changingprocess from the country curriculum resource to the local's curriculum resource to theschool's curriculum resource, and to the student's curriculum resource, there are allinclude two exploiting way: the curriculum material resource exploiting way and thecurriculum manpower resource exploiting way. The exploiter include the country, local,school, teacher, student, and experts, family, society, and so on, all the exploiters form aexploiter system. We put the exploiting lay into two parts: the macroscopical lay andmicrocosmic lay, and we constitute the exploiting principles for them at the same time.The exploiting principles of macroscopical lay include: adapt to the development ofsociety, promote the development of human, represent the development of the advancedculture and great efficiency; the exploiting principles of microcosmic lay include: putthe student in the center, teacher exploit the resource independently, adjust measures tolocal condition, open and share. Exploiting guarantee includes the policy support, theoryguide, the evaluation and feedback, and the evaluation need we exploiting more deeply.The evaluation of the curriculum resource exploitation is part of the curriculumevaluation, so it need to obey the principles of curriculum evaluation, emphasize theneed of the students, teachers and country, and must follow the evaluation principlesinclude: formative assessment, multi-evaluation, quantitative evaluation, monitor theprocess and feedback instantly. The evaluation content includes the exploiting process,curriculum resource, exploiter, reevaluation, and can design the evaluation consultingthe CIPP evaluation mode.