The Research Of The Training Characters Of Chinese Teenagers In The Event Of Middle-and Long-distance Races

This article generally analyses the training characteristics of the teenagers' middle-and long-distance races,using documentary research, questionnaire and interview,combined with logical analysis and mathematical statistics.In order to offer some suggestions for the practical training,and put forward the following conclusions:1 In the latest years,the number of our national runners took part in the international games has being gradually descending as well as the sports performances.2 The factors which influence the competitive ability of our national teenager runners in middle-and long-distance races are the physical form, body function and physical capacity.The ratio of body fat and weight, the ratio of height and weight,and the ratio of lower limbs and height are the three most important factors for physical form.The VO2max,Oxygen supply and threshold value of lactic acid are the three most important factors for body function.The physical form has a more effects to middle distance races than the long distance races,and the total techniques appears in buffer technique and the rhythmicity.3 One of the vital factor influence the performance in the competition is the conditions of the players,and the condition is determined by the inherent capacity and the training affects.The physical energy distribution is the factor which influences the tactics using.4 The main task for cultivating the teenagers between 14-16 years old is to teach them how to learn and sports training should exert after basis tarining for body.The duty of the training is to develop the physical capacity of all aspects,general endurance,speed capacity, psychological capacity are more important.As teenagers grow up,the duty of training should gradually transit from general study to specific training.More coaches are support the double cycle per year. 5 The means and methods of training for our national teenager runners in middle-and long-distance races are as follows:The long distance training and the middle intensity running are used to develop the aerobic endurance and the complex endurance,and the distance shorter than the specific is used to develop the specific velocity.Hopping,striding jump and loaded crouched start-up are used to develop the general strength capacity,and cyclical training methods are used to develop the strength endurance.6 The total training load per year of our national teenager runners in middle-and long-distance races is as same as the highest level runners in the world in 1960's.Besides,we should increase the research on the inner structure of training load and reveal its characteristics.7 The training of our national teenager runners in middle-and long-distance races is same as adults,including training loads, training contents,means and methods.And this phenomena is one of the reasons that the better performances of our national teenager runners in middle-and long-distance races are more early.And it's also one of the training characters of our national teenagers in the event of middle-and long-distance races.