Study Of The Features Of The Evolution Of The Middle And Long Distance Running And Training Trends

The development of middle-long-distance after nearly a hundred years of history, the training method with social progress constantly changing, from the early natural run training method, gradually transition to present the comprehensive training, in the process, along with the science and technology unceasing development and continuous improvement of the physical education discipline, and training of scientific level enhances unceasingly, makes the middle-long-distance grades unceasing enhancement, resulted in three energy metabolize offer can ratio change, which caused middle-long-distance project characteristics of change. Middle-long-distance project characteristics change, making training emphasis of the change, which requires the coaches and athletes must grasp the variation, prompt improvement ideas, grasps the training frontier training, thus higher and faster improve the grade of the athlete. This article through literature, comparative analysis, mathematical statistics, logic analysis and other methods, in the process of development of middle-long-distance achievements changes, training core as well as the winner of the core factor analysis, this paper discusses the evolution law of long-distance project characteristics, Combining with middle-long-distance race at the same time, analyzes the characteristics of training development trend, the following conclusions:1 800m running is a study by the anaerobic for absolute dominant energy metabolize powering the ultra-long dash, absolute speed and speed endurance is the core of modern 800m running training, and absolute speed is the core factor of the winner.2 1500m running is a dominated by anaerobic powering fuel system, its characteristic project closer sprint speed, endurance is the core of modern 1500m running training, and absolute speed and speed endurance is the core factor winner.3 Run is a boasting dominated by aerobic powering energy metabolize project, the project characteristics close to run, aerobic stamina and speed endurance is the core, training run boasting of aerobic stamina is the key, but the absolute velocity and speed endurance is its winning core factors, among which speed endurance is more important.4 10000m run is a dominated by aerobic source energy metabolize project, the project characteristics closer to run, aerobic stamina is the core of modern 10000m ran training, but the absolute velocity and speed endurance is the core factor of the winning more important, including absolute speed.5 Marathon run belongs to the typical endurance project, is long distance run, aerobic powering the energy metabolize is an absolute dominant, aerobic stamina is modern marathon run training core, and reasonably velocity distribution is the core factor of the winner.6 The scientific and technological progress and innovation of training theory and perfected, greatly promoted the development of middle-long-distance, but not all of the training to all the middle-long-distance theory of ascension effect are same project. Research shows that, at present the scientific training advocated by the ascension of middle-long-distance effect was not obvious, even regressive; In addition, the 1980s advocate and fashionable global "altitude training", to men, and men's marathon results boasting the promotion effect and is not very good, but for women's middle ascending effect is remarkable.7 Aerobic training is all the basis of the movement, the project of different, middle-long-distance aerobic training task and importance is also different, moreover aerobic capacity increase ways and varied rather than single.8 Because of the modern middle JiLieXing competition, which requires the athletes in peacetime training reasonable intensify the training intensity to accommodate competition requirements; At the same time because the owe the dense, making the big event and exercise does not adapt, and more in the training class sessions power-leveling, to improve the theory training intensity has positive effect.9 Step length and stride length relationship is influence the important factors middle-long-distance shipped grades, the traditional is used more "small middle-long-distance stride, high frequency". Thanks to modern athletes middle-long-distance faster and faster, making the grades improved middle-long-distance, including some project (800m running and 1500m running) project characteristic gradually like sprint direction, in addition in long-distance running near competition, the athletes in the project is often appear depending on its ability to the stage of dash by sprint, thus victory or create outstanding achievements. And sprint mid-way running requirements, so modern in relaxation step in suitable enlargement middle-long-distance trim worth discussing. middle-long-distance training theory development still not mature, imperfect, the recognition for some problems, such as the controversial step length and stride frequency relationships, anaerobic training and aerobic training relationship, which requires the coaches continuously improve their training, from the practice of theoretical level, both neither hidebound, nor greed reactive pushy, In the meantime, even based on actual combat, and the courage to explore, bold innovation, actively promote middle-long-distance training theory of forward development.