The Research Of The Technical And Tactical Characteristics Of World Excellent Mid-long Distance Swimmers

Competitive swimming has become second Sport which ranks only second to the field events and gets34gold medals in the Olympic Games. Therefore, the level of development of competitive swimming y plays an important role in the maximization the number of gold medals in Olympic game. In the phenomenon of female strong and male weak, China emerged Wu Peng, Sun Yang and Zhang Lin who were on behalf of the world’s top level of men’s swimmer by the continuous efforts of the sports workers and the Chinese men’s swimmer in recent years. In the2008Beijing Olympic Games, Zhang Lin won the men’s400meters freestyle silver medal which means to achieve a breakthrough of zero Chinese men athletes in the Olympic swimming medals. In the2009Rome World Swimming Championships800meters he won the gold medal in the freestyle and broke the world record; Sun Yang won the men’s800meters at the2011Shanghai World Swimming Championships, the achievement of the1500meters freestyle champion and400m freestyle runner-up and1500meters freestyle world which broke the decades-dusty record, the swimming star of the world’s attention. These achievements are worthy of the Chinese swimmers to celebrate. China swimming not only achieved a breakthrough in the men’s projects but also made a breakthrough in the weakest long-range projects. However, reviewing the history of the world swimming games of the middle distance freestyle, Park Tae-hwan of the South Korea who was a strong competitor defeated Zhang Lin in the1500m freestyle final in the Beijing Olympics; Melloulio of the Hungary is world champion in1500meters freestyle in Beijing Olympics Games and Rome championship. Cochrane of the Canada and Jensen of the USA are world top players in middle distance freestyle swimming. Whether Chinese men’s swimmer could achieve the dream of generations of swimmers which is to stand on the2012London Olympics top podium? Whether China male swimmer can remain the world’s top level in long distance of swimming after the Olympic Games in London? Or which is a flash in the pan? These questions are worth our careful consideration and discussion. Researching the technology and tactical characteristics of the male player world long-distance freestyle swimming, could be sued to exploring the success rule, raising the level of the Chin competitive swimming and sustainable development with theoretical and practi significances.By using collecting the literature, mathematical statistics, logical analysis the competition with speed and other data in the technical indicators of swimming finalist in the2004Beijing Olympic Games, Beijing2008Olympic Games, World Swimming Championships in Rome in2009,2011World Swimming Championships400m,800m,1500m freestyle swimming, this paper tries to identify the technical and tactical characteristics of the outstanding male players of the world long-distance freestyle swimming and to provide a theoretical basis for the training for coaches and athletes.The preliminary research results show that:1) Worldwide Elite Men’s400m freestyle swimming speed players’coefficient of variation of the basic is between0.03-0.04;800m swimming players’speed coefficient of variation is between0.02-0.03;1500m swimming players’speed variation coefficient is about0.02.2) In long-distance freestyle swimming, the stroke frequency overall is showing stable in the front half of the process of swimming and is high the second half of the process of swimming. The frequency in the program of the400m freestyle is higher than that in800m,1500m freestyle swimming program; the stroke amplitude long-distance freestyle swimming players is to be small as a trend in the whole process.3) From the competition with a speed difference, the outstanding men of the world long-distance freestyle swimming will take two tactical choices:pre-emptive and to gain mastery by striking only after the enemy has struck.4) Athletes’sprint distance is proportional to the ranking and the final score which means that the longer the sprint stage, the final results more satisfactory. This will require the level of speed endurance of male players on long-distance freestyle swimming. Our coaches and athletes will emphasis on speed endurance in the future training.