A Semantic Study Of Russian "Human Body

As the great cultural treasure house of the Russian language, Russian idioms with the irreplaceable value are the indispensable part of Russian system. The ‘human translation’ in linguistics leads to more and more researchers of Russian idioms paying attention to the ‘human’ factor.As a part of the world, ‘human’ has not only the natural attribute, but also the social attribute. The human body along with its each part and organ is the most direct tool for human beings to perceive and understand the world, in which case, the information obtained is the most original, basic, as well as first-hand information. Although Russian idioms with human body words have become the research target, there hasn’t been a unified theory on either the definition or the classification.Firstly, this paper attempts to define the two major concepts – Russian idioms and Russian idioms containing human body words. Russian idioms in this paper are idioms in the narrow sense, while Russian idioms with human body words refer to those containing human body words(or names of body parts). The semantic features of Russian idioms with human body words are studied from the perspective of semantic unity, semantic extension and cultural semantics. Secondly, the part of semantic unity is specifically divided into three aspects: structural stability, semantic bleaching, and semantic focus. Based on metaphor and metonymy, from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the semantic extension including metaphor extension and metonymy extension will be studied; the study can be completed on the basis of this theory. Finally, according to the statistics, there are 320 Russian idioms with human body words in the dictionary. Starting from point of sources, Russian idioms with human body words will be classified, and then the cultural information will be researched, thus our understanding of Russian natural world, national history, national religion, national life and customs will be deepened.