On The American Policies Of Manpower Training And Full Employment In The 1960s

With the development and advancement of society, social security system had been turned into a significant character of the modern society. In American, the modern social security system is not only the outcome of the development of economic modernization, but also the instrument of the dominators in maintaining the regime and confirming the reign of capitalism. To get the realization of sufficient employment and to ensure the stability and continual development of social economy, it is one of the important functions of social security system, moreover, an important goal to attain. Since the third revolution of science and technology, with the changing of economic structure and industrial structure, as well as the requirement of labour force, unemployment had been presented as a stubborn disease in capitalist countries'society. Poverty and people's rebellion which was caused by employments set the families'lives in hot water, on the other hand, it also threatened the stability and economic growth of the capitalistic society. American, as the overlord of capitalistic world, also could not get rid off the problem. From the 1930's, faced with the severe unemployment phenomenon, American issued policy continually to ensure obtaining employment and reducing unemployment in order to realize sufficient employment. The so-called sufficient employment, that is to help workers to make full use of the employment opportunities by training. As a result of reducing the unemployment rate of the society down to 4%, which is the accepted employment standard. The characteristics of ensuring employment in the period of Roosevelt's new deal was"to use the jobs to instead th"。The government set up the public construction energetically which was used in creating more chances of employment and arranging the unemployed people, instead of pay much attention on worker's training. During the period of after WWII to 1960s', in Kennedy and Johnson administration, unemployment is not just the problems of the educational background, or working ability, neither techniques. There were contradictions between new industry's needs and the worker's qualification at that time. The sufficient employment was meaningless if that current worker's qualification couldn't adapt to the adjustment of industry structure. So ,during the 1960-1969 ,the employment policy had changed,from the pure relief to the capacity's development ,and published some important Act : Area Redevelopment Act of 1961, The Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962 ,Vocational Education in 1963 and Economic Opportunity Act enacted by prisident London B Johnson in1964, Higher Education Act in 1965 and so on.Manpower training makes full employment protection to an important system as the promulgation and implementation of these laws. Manpower training improves the employability of the workers, it is not only the measure that the government improves the social welfare and security, but also it is a chance that the people of the lower deck become self-sufficiency. Comparing similar policies by this time the United States manpower training policy with the same period of the Britain , we can analyse that the United States in ensuring full employment policies is unique. Our employment at this stage in the protection of the is in a grim period, It provides us a valuable reference in our country's training development by analyseing the United States manpower training policy in the United States.