A Study On The Mode Of Land-lost Peasants' Pension Security During The Process Of Urbanization In Our Country

In recent years, the urbanization level of our country has grown rapidly. With the fast development of the urbanization, the expansion of urban space scale and the demand to land from industrialization lead the massive farmers' land to be taken. The land is the basic means of production and sources of livelihood to peasants. Along with the loss of land, they lose the last living income security from the income of land. The defects of the existing land requisition system and related laws lead that the standard of compensation is low, and compensation is not in place, and the distribution of costs is unreasonable, and that the means of resettlement is simple, which makes the legitimate rights and interests of land-lost peasants lack of effective protection. Compared with the existing old-age security system of the city, the rural old-age security system lags behind seriously at present. Moreover the compensation of land requisition is too low. Traditional family's endowment function is weakening increasingly. Neither can they rely on the endowment of the land, nor can they hope to the existing system, the land-lost peasants' pension protection falls into an awkward predicament. In addition China has entered into the aging society, which means that the total population of the elderly people over the age of 60 has accounted for more than 10 percent. Based on this ratio calculation, the land-lost peasants more than 60-year-old in China are about 5 million at present. This is a huge group. And they all will face pension problems. In real life, this proportion may be higher. In the village of Y, elderly people over the age of 60 account for 19.6%. Therefore, the pension protection is undoubtedly one of the most important social problems faced by land-lost peasants. So the writer chooses the issue of pension protection of land-lost peasants in the process of urbanization for study.Based on the analysis of the status of and-lost peasants' old-age security serious deficiencies and the underlying reasons for it, the thesis analyzes the two existing modes for pension security of land-lost peasants. Point out that both the government-led social security land-lost peasants' pension insurance and the commercial insurance land-lost peasants' pension insurance, resolves the long-term risk of land-lost peasants leaving them facing greater risk of the recent. So they can not fully satisfy the pension needs of land-lost peasants and face specific challenges in the course of implementing. However the implementation of "the land shareholding system" does not need the land compensation for land-lost peasants, just makes the collective kept lands to investment. This mode both ensures the short-term interests of land-lost peasants, and provides them for long-term protection. The land shareholding system is the best choice for the pension security for land-lost peasants at this stage. Then the thesis analyzes the theoretical and practical feasibility for implementation of the land shareholding system. And through the "land shareholding system" in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province and the project of "gold surrounding silver" in the city of Xiamen in Fujian Province, the thesis sets forth the basic framework of the implementation of the land-lost peasants.The thesis consists of four chapters, and main contents are as follows:In chapter one, the thesis sets forth the background and the basis for the topic, the current situation of the studying on the land-lost peasants, research ideas, surveyed place, research content and research methods, as well as related concepts. In the second chapter, the thesis analyzes the status quo of land-lost peasants' pension protection. They, after losing lands, have no advantage in employment because of its low-quality culture. This situation makes land-lost peasants unable to maintain long-term livelihood. And the social security system gets rid of farmers. With the loss of land protection functions and the weakening functions of pension family, the land-lost peasants are short of the pension protection seriously. The reason causing the loss of pension security of land-lost peasants is the imperfect land system. So, it is necessary to create land-lost peasants pension protection mode to protect the pension rights of land-lost peasants effectively.In chapter three, the thesis firstly introduces the system of abroad rural social endowment insurance, analyzes the challenge faced by the existing two land-lost peasants pension protection modes. Finally points out at this stage we should explore the suitable pension model which not only can guarantee the recent interests of land-lost peasants but also provide long-term protection for them, and which paves the way for the smooth establishment of old-age social security system for all.In chapter four, at first, the thesis analyzes the superiority of the "land shareholding system" model on solving the problem of land-lost peasants' pension. Expounds the theoretical foundation, the practical policies ground, economic and legal basis for implementation of the "land shareholding system". Then according to the practical experience of the "land shareholding system" in the Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province and the project of "gold surrounding silver" in the city of Xiamen, Fujian Province the thesis frameworks the operational procedures of the "land shareholding system" mode. Finally this thesis proposes some measures and suggestions to further improve the "land shareholding system" to solve the pension security for land-lost peasants.