Based On 3s Technology In Northwest Yunnan Shangri-la Wetland Utilization And Protection Of Research

As an important ecosystem and common service for human beings, wetlands provide habitat for wildlife and plentiful means of livehood and production as well. As part of a unique plateau wetland ecosystem, the wetlands in Shangri-la County are very valuable for ecological and scientific research.The wetland study in Shangri-la County is based on remote sensing(RS) .geographic information systems(GIS) technology and global positioning system (GPS). We classified the types of wetland and described the wetland quantity and spatial distribution.Then, we analyzed the landscape structure of the wetlands and evaluated the suitability for development. Finally, we suggested policies and methods for wetland protection.(1) The mountain-plateau wetland of Shangri-la County were classified into four grades according to classification of origin, more attention was paid to natural wetland than artificial wetland in the first grade of the wetland classification system.Natural wetland has a three-grade classification by cause of formation, hydrological characteristic and vegetation type of the earth' s surface. This classification generally covers all wetland types in Shangri-la County. Limited by spectrum resolution and spatial resolution, we were only able to derive the categories of river, flood plain, lake, paddy field, swamp, grass marshland and morass from RS images.(2)Wetland landscape pattern analysis. Indicators such as wetland landscape ratio, landscape diversity index, landscape preponderance index and landscape tatter index wwere taken to reflect wetland landscape structure in Shangri-la County. The result is: the rate of the wetland in Shangri-la County occupied to landscape structure is 14. 81%. Of the wetland types, the glaciation type of wetland has the largest area, occupying 8.64% of the entire landscape. The other types are as follow: grass marshland - 4.6%, floodplain - 1.1%, and lake - 0. 05%. The wetland distribution structure is restricted by geomorphy and overall has a scattered characteristic, but with relative concentration of one type.(3)Wetland suitability assessment for utilizations. Taking advantage of spatial analysis function of GIS, through level-quantifing into three grades to the natural characteristic, condition of utilization, and extent of development, and connect with different types of utilization, a weighted sum could be used to assess the suitability of seven types of wetland used for agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and tourism. The result is: paddy and flood plain types are most suitable for agriculture.Swamp, swampy grass marshland, high and semi-high mountain grass marshland and flood plain types are fairly suitable for forestry. Swamp, swampy grass marshland, high and semi-high mountain grass marshland types in the plateau mountain areas and plains with altitude below 4300m, are suitable for developing into grass resources for livestock farming. River, lake, paddy and swamp with high water level types have the potential for development of fisheries. The tourism suitability index of all types of wetland is relatively high and the potential of exploitation must be decided by tourism value and the conditions of utilization.(4)Wetland optimized utilization and protection. After explaining the current conditions of wetland utilization and management, optimized utilization patterns for each type of wetland and suggestions to protect wetland are put forward.