A Study On The Index Of Educational Quality Under The Background Of Gradual Expansion Of Postgraduates

Postgraduate education is an important part of higher education in our country, which is the important source for the training of high-level personnel in our country, and the guarantee to improving science and technology innovation ability. It is also playing a vital role for the development of economic social and the construction of innovation oriented country. Since the recovery of the graduate degree system in China, especially after the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, the scale of graduate education in China has increased. With the expansion of the scale of more than ten years, there are more and more concerns about the quality of postgraduate education. The contradiction between the scale and quality of postgraduate education is worthy of attention. On the basis of previous research results, this paper makes a research on the development process and the relation of them.First of all, this paper analyzes the history of the development and current situation of the master’s degree in China from multiple perspectives. We will introduce some main conclusions for you. The current scale of master of our country have reached a high level at the absolute index, however, when taking the size of the population into consideration, there still is a great gap between our country and the developed countries or regions; The development of master scale of Mainland China and Taiwan area performances a great similarity; from adaptability to economic development, a unit of GDP can support 14-16 masters student, which shows a long-term convergence trend, and the current development level of China’s master scale is in the reasonable range. In addition, we also analyzed the development situation of master scale in provinces and the increasing proportion of professional master’s degree.With the data we collected on the scale of master, we research the reasons why the number of students of Research Institute is decreasing in recent years, in the process, we take this opportunity to concern on Scientific Research Institute of the development trend. Based on the graduate education quality reports of the postgraduate training units of Shanghai City in the past two years, we compared some relevant indicators of the quality of education between Research Institute and the ordinary higher school. In addition, we found that the enrollment quality of the full-time Professional Master in "985 University" is not bad than the traditional Academic Master, even better, which shows upgrade of the status of the full time professional master. Considering the coexist phenomenon of the adequate teachers of Research Institutes and the continuous enrollment shortfall, we suggest, scientific research institutes who have the enrollment demand should meet policy adjustment trend of the national graduate enrollment, increase properly the enrollment ratio of professional master according to their own circumstances.Then, we measure the overall quality of postgraduate education in our country by constructing the index system, and draw the curve of the change of the educational quality of the master’s degree in China. First, we hunt widely for the index of graduate education quality, in specially, we make some innovative exploration for the selection of the indicators of social evaluation. Then, we use the principal component analysis and correlation analysis method to filter indicators, and using the entropy method to determine the index weight, so as to ensure that our final indicators are both representative and sensitive. The final index system contains 16 variables, in which the number of personnel training index, scientific research index and social service index is respectively seven, four, and five, weight ratio of them is close to 4:3:3,which is a reasonable proportion.Finally, we study the relationship between the scale and the quality of the postgraduate in China. As the sample length is shorter, we do not consider the stability of time series at the beginning, but study their relationship based on the characteristics of the data changes. It found that the master quality is influenced at the same time by both the absolute scale of master and the relative scale of the master, which are both negative influence. In this process, we specially made two methods to explain how the master’s size which is after removal of the time trend affect the quality of education with a negative correlation. According to the regression results we also suggest that, in order to enhance the master’s quality, we should control the growth of the master’s scale, especially the growth rate relative to economic development of the master’s scale.