Family Planning, Poverty Alleviation And Development Project In Hunan Province And Countermeasures

China is the most populous country, and used to be one of the countries with the fastest population growth, in the world. To mitigate the negative impact of excessive population growth on its socio-economic development, since the 1970s, China has been to implementing a national population and family planning policy aiming at curbing the growth and improving the education and health standards of the population. The success of the implementation of the population and family planning policy, accompanied with accelerated socio-economic development, enabled China to complete the historic process of population transition within only 20-odd years, that would otherwise have taken many more decades like what had happened in the developed world - a Populatin Bonus to China's economic growth..Howerver, with the developent of national economy and society ,The improvement in the quality and style of people's life,especially after China was approved by WTO,the way once used in the Family Planning which was dependent on strict order from government and large-scale action ,is not acceptable.So,accordingly The Family Planning and Poverty Alleviation Integrated (FP/PA) Project is the best choice.As an important component of the family planning program, The Family Planning and Poverty Alleviation Integrated (FP/PA) Project has significantly contributed to the evolution of the approach of the family planning program, and to the establishment and improvement of the interest inducement mechanism and social security system for family planning. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the background, environment, history and development of the FP/PA Project, presents the modeld of the project management and operation based on a systematic assessment of the FP/PA Project in Hunnan Province, this paper. Institutional and systematical constraints and management problems in the FP/PA Project are identified, such as poor financial operation, quality control and monitoring and evaluation, lack of training support, and unclear divisions and descriptions of responsibilities. Finally, this paper also proposes, while learning from international experiences in similar projects, to establish a Project Support Office (PSO), standardize operational procudures and enhance the incentive mechanisms as countermeasures to the identified problems.