University Employment Guidance Pattern

With the scale of higher education extending rapidly, the problem of graduates'unemployment is becoming more and more outstanding. How to improve the model of college graduates'employment guidance in order to help students to plan careers reasonably, establish correct employment values and enhance their ability to find a job appropriate for themselves, has become an important subject which needs to be resolved urgently.The dissertation focuses on these questions: how many species of current university employment guidance models are there? How do these models work? How to construct a more perfect model of university employment guidance? Through the study of literature and theory, from the perspective of operational mechanism, the author generalizes eight basic elements which form the model of university graduates'employment guidance: ideas and strategies, agencies and personnel, principles and procedures, content and methods which establish a conceptual framework for the research. Using mixed methods research and through questionnaires and interviews, the author surveyed the employment guidance status of the ten universities in the five east coastal cities and then summed up three different current models of university employment guidance: administration-oriented model, guidance-oriented model and service-oriented model. The paper empirically analyses the development status of these models, their basic characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. On the basis of empirical research, using the theories of career development, the author tries to construct an ideal model of university employment guidance which is centered on the students'comprehensive development.The research finds that the three existing university employment guidance models have their own advantages and disadvantages: administration-oriented model is benefit for the unified management of the graduates, but its simplistic way of guidance can not pay enough attention to students'personality and vocational needs. It's also lack of understanding of the employment market. Guidance-oriented model pays attention to training the ability of students to find jobs, but have not yet formed a relatively complete system of employment guidance. It also needs to enrich the content and methods of employment guidance. Service-oriented model is more consummate. It not only focuses on career guidance for students, but also stressed particularly in the exploit of the job market. However, the setup of the employment guidance agencies and equipment of specialized personnel still need to be strengthened. Therefore, on the basis of generalizing the advantages of the three models above, the author constructs an ideal employment guidance model which based on the theories of career development, according to students'different career development features and core mission at different stages, and the eight basic elements: ideas and strategies, agencies and personnel, principles and procedures, content and methods. The basic characters of this ideal model is: student-centered philosophy at the core, career guidance services to the entire process as the main content, forming"three-levels, four-stages"as the guiding strategy, creating"two-grade management and expert assistance"as the leadership, and constructing"university-college-department-professional programme"which called four-grade operation model. The author thinks that, the ideal model can provide a theoretical framework and strategy trails for universities to establish a more effective employment guidance mechanism, and also be able to lay a theoretical foundation for the further research of university employment guidance.