Based On DEA And Malmquist Index Of The 12 Western Provinces Water Use Efficiency Research

Drought which happened in the southwest of China in early 2010 highlights the situation of inefficient utilization of water resource in the western region. Although it results from the natural causes, through the drought we are more clearly aware that the water ecosystem in the region is fragile, and the ability of counteracting the drought is weak, thus, the water crisis has been highlighted in this region. This paper attempts to find out the causes of low efficiency on water utilization in the all of the west region of China and the solutions on how to change the terrible situation.This paper firstly reviewed the current research progress and the management and research methods on water resources management at home and abroad. While all these laid the foundation for carrying out this paper. Then it briefly described the DEA model and the theory of Malmquist index method used in this paper. Furthermore, in reference to other relevant literature, based on the low efficiency on water utilization in the all of the west region of China,it started from the analysis of the 12 western provinces, and selected GDP, total investment in fixed assets, the annual water supply, water used population as input-output indicator, and utilized Data Envelopment Analysis method to research the performance of water resource utilization in the 12 western provinces in 2007 and 2008.Then, it analyzed time series data from 1999 to 2008 of the 12 western provinces by using Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index method. In China, the development of the capital city is more able to represent the future development direction of the province. In order to more clearly grasp the utilization of water resources in the western region and the future trends, in chapter four, using the same method as the provinces, it took the capital cities of the western region as a decision making unit and given a more in-depth analysis on utilization efficiency of water resources form 2000 to 2009.All of the data was cited from the China Statistical Yearbook and China Cities Statistical Yearbook.The results of this paper show that:(1) The Total Factor Productivity Index of the utilization efficiency of water resource in the overall west of China is 0.956. This means that the trend of water utilization is declining year by year. (2) The utilization efficiency of water resource in Sichuan, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Guangxi is slightly higher, while in order to effectively resolve the shortage, other provinces should adjust according to the experience of the five provinces above. Tibet, in particular, should contribute more efforts to adjust in order to catch up with those provinces. (3) In the year of 2008 and 2009, Chongqing, Xining, Urumqi and Hohhot are efficient on DEA, while in order to effectively resolve the shortage, other cities should adjust according to the experience of the four cities above. The production scale in Chengdu, Kunming, Xi'an, Lanzhou, Yinchuan and Nanning is too large, which limit the utilization efficiency of water resource. The production scale in Chongqing, Xining, Urumqi and Hohhot should remain stable. Guiyang and Lhasa should increase the production scale. (4) Furthermore, the results indicate that technology is the dominant factor in restricting water using efficiency of the 12 western provinces. We should firstly increase investment in science and technology to improve the utilization efficiency of water resource. In addition, expanding the scale of production and optimizing the industrial structure are the indispensable way for improving the utilization efficiency of water resource.This paper has a practical value in formulating realistic water strategies and policies and achieving the sustainable development of resources, economic and society in the western of China.On two angles of 12 provinces and the capital cities, this paper gives some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, which have a strong target. Finally, in reference to the United States, Japan and other countries experience in the utilization efficiency of water resource, taking the legal norms, economic regulation, management systems, management methods and management techniques as angles, this paper put forward proposals for improvement the utilization efficiency of water resource in the west regions of China.