Effect Of Different Exogenous Hormones And Direct Seeding On Bolting And Yield Of Angelica Sinensis

The trials were carried out in field experiment and laboratory test.The angelica leaves were treated with cytokinin (CTK), naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA),gibberellin(GA₃) and abscisic acid(ABA) single or combine different exogenous hormones. The effect of on angelica dynamic growth rhythm, physiological and biochemical changes, bolting rate and yield. In order to exploring new ways of planting angelica and screening out the seedling type and plant density which fit angelica direct seeding cultivation by direct seeding cultivation.The purpose of the study was to provide some scientific practical basis for Angelica control to restraint early bolting and direct seeding cultivation.The main results were as follows:1. The different exogenous hormones had significant effects on plant height, main root growth and the number of lateral root,but the difference of leaf number is no significant. 100 mg·L^-1NAA,100 mg·L^-1GA₃+100 mg·L^-1NAA and 50 mg·L^-1GA₃+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment in promotion for growth of the height of angelica,20 mg·L^-1 ABA,40 mg·L^-1ABA+40 mg·L^-1GA₃ and 20 mg·L^-1ABA+40 mg·L^-1GA₃ treatment was not conducive to the growth of the height of angelica;100 mg·L^-1NAA,100 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA,50 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA and 40 mg·L^-1ABA+40 mg·L^-1GA₃ treatment on thickening growth,the growth of root length and dry matter accumulation; GA₃+NAA treatment were beneficial to reduce the number of lateral root, increase the quality of goods Angelica.2. Angelica chlorophyll content showed"up-down"trends, 100 mg·L^-1NAA, 30 mg·L^-1GA₃, 100 mg·L^-1GA₃+100 mg·L^-1NAA,50 mg·L^-1GA₃+100 mg·L^-1NAA,100 mg·L^-1+ 100mg·L^-1NAA and 50 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment in promotion for angelica chlorophyll synthesis. Soluble protein content and free amino acids tended to reach the maximum at June 16, then the sharp decline, 20 mg·L^-1ABA and 50 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment was beneficial to angelica soluble protein content and free amino acids accumulation, Angelica soluble sugar content showed "up - down" trend, 30 mg·L^-1GA₃ and 100 mg·L^-1GA₃+100 mg·L^-1 NAA treatment were higher than other treatments.30 mg·L^-1GA₃ and 100 mg·L^-1GA₃+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment were beneficial to peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase activity, But 20 mg·L^-1ABA,50 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA and 100 mg·L^-1+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment were beneficial to catalase activity. 3. Single application GA₃ or GA₃ + other exogenous hormones treatment had significant effect on angelica bolting, and the higher GA₃ concentration, the higher the proportion of the portfolio, the higher angelica bolting. 20 mg·L^-1ABA and 100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment bolting was 24.7 % and 20.7 %,and no significant difference with CK,100 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA and 50 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment bolting was 22.3 % and 21.4 %, and increased by 10.5 % and 6.7 % compared with CK. The optimal treatment of root length, root diameter, the number of lateral root and dry root weight was 100 mg·L^-1NAA, 100 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1 NAA and 50 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment. Its root length increased by 7.8 %,0.6 % and 0.3 % compared with CK, root diameter was increased by 13.0 %, 4.3 % and 0.8 % compared with CK,the number of lateral root was increased by 35.7 %, 32.7 % and 8.5 % compared with CK.The yield of 100 mg·L^-1NAA, 100 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA and 50 mg·L^-1CTK+100 mg·L^-1NAA treatment reached to 3541.7 kg·hm-2,4157.8 kg·hm-2,3574 .0 kg·hm-2. Therefore, 100 mg·L^-1NAA, concentration ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 CTK + NAA combination, have to increase the yield.4. The results showed that the leaf number growth of direct seeding Angelica was "slow growth - surge - decreasing" trends, seedling type and plant density have a great effect on height, under the same plant density, the fastest growth rate of the first spike and normal seed, followed by the early bolting seed, the second spike and normal seed was the slowest; under the same seedling type, the higher the plant density, the lower the height. The optimal treatment of fresh root weight, dry root weight, root length and root diameter is the first spike and normal seed and plant density 20 cm×20 cm. The optimal treatment of harvest number, yield and the number of lateral root is the first spike and normal seed and plant density 10 cm×20 cm. Ashe and ethanol extract content reach the quality indicators of Chinese pharmacopoeia. The first spike and normal seed and spaced 20 cm, spacing 10 cm, suitable for direct seeding Angelica.