Research On The Predicate Structers Of Qiminyaoshu

From the whole book of "QiminYaoshu"(齐民要术),Predicate-Structures of it have common features of that era, but aslo have its own characteristics. Simply speaking,the development in the Verb-Structures is unbalance,which reflects in many books of that era, as well as in the each components of themselves.From the view of Predicates, they are mainly constituted by Verbs, especially by act Verbs.For example,"Play''(打),which has strong behavioral significance, is usually used as predicate. Meanshile, there are very few adjectives, which have verb function,such as "Dead"(枯),to be as Predicates. Compared to Predicates,there are more components to be Complements.For example, Transitive verb "do''(作)；Intransitive verb "Die''(死)；Adjective "Clear''(净)；Quantity structure "ten times''(十遍)；Preposition structure "Open window to ring"(开窗向圈)；Noun structure "pit"(坑中)From the view of sentences, Resultative Complement Structures or Verb Trend Structures or the other Predicate-Structures, have three kinds of sentences. The first is "Predicate+Complement";the second is "Predicate+ Object + Complement";the third is "Predicate+ Complement + Object".However,the numbers distributed these three sentences are unbalance, and Insert Components among Predicate Object and Complement are different. But Resultative Complement Structures is the most complex.On the use of words,verbs which have ending meanings,such as "Complete''(毕),"Exhaust"(尽),"Finish"(了),"End''(却),"Settle"(讫),is grammaticalization, but still has real meanings.These verbs express completing or ending from action verbs by the complement way.However,only "Finish"(了)was developed a modal verb in Putonghua of modern Chinese, "End''(却)does not express ending meaning now.But"Complete"(毕),''Exhaust"(尽),"Settle"(讫)still have ending meaning in Modern Chinese.On the use of negative words,there are still unbalance among different Predicate-Structures. The negative words are "Not"(不),"Not''(勿),"Not"(莫)in Resultative Complement Structures, but only one negative word"Not"(不)is in the Verb Trend StructuresBut on this time, "Not"(不)as a negative word was not used widely,but developed the main negative word in modern Chinese. "Not''(勿)(?)ind"Not"(莫)were used less.Generally speaking, Predicate-Structures in "Qimin-Yaoshu" are rich and complex. They inherit the characteristics of previous, as well as have signs to start a new era.