Research On Education Fairness And Education Reform In China At Present

Education fairness is the important foundation of social justice, and also the starting point of life fairness. The state council has promulgated and implemented the long-term education reform of the state and development program (2010-2020) "(this paper referred to as" the education program "). In the education program taking it as the strategic policy to promote fair education reform and development undoubtedly is an important milestone for advancing China's steady fair education, has great significance, and far-reaching influence. In the context of studying the education program, the author introspects the success and loss of China's education reform, grasp the spirit and connotation of the education program in perspective of education fairness, which has an important practical significance for realizing the goal of achieving the education fairness.This paper adopts the text-perusal, comparative research, and empirical research method and so on, analyses the present situation, problems and its causes about education fairness. In addition, this paper explains the important significance of the education program for promoting education fairness. The Paper is divided into three parts.The first part discusses the concept and basic connotation of fairness and education fairness, heckles the viewpoint of education fairness based on different political philosophy, and explicates the value orientation and principle of education fairness according to education fairness and its related concepts. Fairness is an ethics category, the social relations between people and value judgment of the social relations with some properties. Fairness is a kind of inner quality of education. Any real education must comply with requirements of justice and education development is to enlarge the scope of fairness and realize the real fairness. Different education fairness views are based on different political philosophies. Utilitarianism regards "most majority of people's greatest satisfaction as fairness" as their education fairness view. The Freedom and Egalitarian regards "equality as fairness" as their education fairness view. The Libertarianism regards"according to choice, namely fairness"as their education fairness view. The Communitarianism regards "public will is fair" as their education fairness view. However, we should pursuit the balance of freedom and equality, gradually correct the wrong tendency of the extreme elitism equalitarianism in education during constructing socialist harmonious society. Based on education fairness we should select the elites according to the principles of fairness, justice and openness, provide them with good education and make them develop best. We should put the overall relations among freedom, equality and harmony as the basic value orientation of education fairness. According to the concept of freedom, equality and the harmonious society of modern society and the education standards of"ability development first", education fairness should abide by five principles of universality: guaranteeing the right of basic education, education equality of opportunity, procedural fairness, matching with personal ability and compensation for the vulnerable. Education fairness should also abide by two principles of specialty: taking the equilibrium principle of equality for orientation and the difference principle of talent for orientation according to different properties of education.The second part, on the basis of the fully affirmation of achievements in historical practice, analyzes the background of education fairness and introspects existing main problems and causes of education fairness mainly from the aspects of guiding ideology, the policy system and government's function, and further summarizes the features of The Times of education fairness. Since the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially more than 30 years'reform and opening-up in China , we have made a historic achievement during the process of education fairness but education fairness still exists some outstanding problems, for example, unbalanced urban and rural compulsory education, selecting school problems in ordinary high school education, unequal opportunity of school entrance, imperfect subsidy system for poor students in university, not receiving enough respect of education rights for migrant farmers' children, and respect and the problem of secondary vocational education development. The causes of the problems above are, in addition to the great gap of the development caused by history and the social and economic structure of the segmentation of countryside and city, education policy and institutional aspects, such as the deviation of guiding ideology, imbalance of policy system, and the absence of the government function. At present, our country is still in the period of social transition and the education fairness possesses the distinctive features of our age. The contradiction, which education fairness faces, has a tendency of diversity, the connotation of the education fairness is more colorful, and the relation of education evaluation and education fairness is more and more closely.The third part, based on the theory of education fairness, focuses on the interpretation of the education program and discusses its the important landmark meaning in promoting education fairness in our country. Education fairness is not only a real problem in the development of education, but also education's ideal target and eternal pursuit. The education program, on the attitude of highly responsibility for history and people, pays more attention to value orientation of"fair"and it puts"promoting fairness"as the state's basic education policy to develop the education of people's satisfaction. Improved the public education financial system, reformed and innovated education fund raising system and the education input mechanism provide the basic guarantee for promoting education fairness. The education program has clearly put forward that the government is "the first person" of education fairness and established the education fairness mechanism guided by government, refined the corresponding supporting system. The education program has established and perfected the quality of education in order to improve the goal of balanced development, in order to promote the balanced development of obligation, in order to solve problems in selecting school and the compensation for underdeveloped areas. The education program pays more attention to the vulnerable groups, further improves the national financial aid system to try not to let one student drop out from school for family economic difficulties.