The Analysis Of Women’s Participation In The Village Management From The Perspective Of Institution Evolution Theory

Political participation is a product of the civilization of human society which develops to some kind of stage. The standard of female’s participation in politics becomes a symbol of social progress and development because of the women’s inferior position. The democratic process of our country commences from the village where the urbanization and democratization is slow, our country promulgated the law<Organic Law of the Villagers Committees of the People’s Republic of China>on November 4, 1988, for the sake of citizens’ political rights and interests, from then on our country has started the process of democratization. The article 9 of<Organic Law of the Villagers Committees> mentioned:"The villagers committee composed of a chairman, vice-chairmen and of three to seven members, in the villagers’ committee members, women shall be entitled to appropriate representation." The State Department and all the Provincial governments have made their efforts to ensure the implementation of the law.This thesis chooses two research samples:H province and S province. The economic development of the two provinces is at the same level, which is both inland and agricultural provinces, GDP ranking in the medium level in the national scope. But two provinces’situation of rural women participation in the management of village affairs has a big difference. H province sets a good example of how to boost the rural women participation in the management of village affairs, and there are many beneficial experiences and lessons that we should pay attention to; S province’s situation has no progress because of lack of support.By the means of comparative study between the H and S province, illustrating the present state of the different development of the two provinces states, especially from the angle of the theory of institutional change that Douglas North explained and from the informal rules, formal rules and implementation mechanism to analyze differential development between the two provinces, including, we try to summarize conclusions that how to promote women’s participation. Finally we form a set of policy that the local governments’ future direction:first, from the angle of informal rules, local government should add the Gender consciousness into the policy mainstream; second, from the angel of formal rules, the government wants to perfect the Policies and laws in favor of rural women’ participation; third, enforcement system, China Women’s Federation and all women’s organizations should represent the interests of women.This new opinion of this thesis is mainly manifested in two aspects:Firstly, the creative selection of research samples. This paper selects two typical provinces to analyze based on the realistic condition of women’s participation in the village affairs management in each province of the country. Its analysis comes from a unique perspective and it inspires the implantation of each provincial government’s work. Secondly, it uses the innovative research tool. This paper uses the theory of Institutional change as research tool to analyze from the angel of informal rules, formal rules and enforcement system, which is fresh. The conclusion from the thesis is pointed.