Research On LiuShaoqi’s Visit To Soviet In1949

Before and after the founding of new China, the establishment of the Sino-Soviet alliance,which is the not only the inevitable choice of the Chinese communists but also reflects theconflicting interests of both sides. The foundation, objectivities and conditions of forming thisalliance are intricately intertwined, and mainly reflect in those two aspects of how to deal withthe policy of the United Stated and how to solve respective practical interests. And those twoaspects include the foundation and objectivities that the Sino-Soviet can be established, theyimply the conditions of contradictions and differences of Sino-Soviet alliance as well.Liu Shaoqi, a two-month visit to Moscow is the most significant diplomatic initiativestaken by the Communist Party of China (CPC) at the eve of the founding of New China. Thepurpose of the visit for the delegation of the CPC is quite clear; that is, by the meeting of thesenior leaders of both sides, directly shows Stalin the position of the CPC on the major issues athome and abroad so as to strengthen the relations with the Soviet Union and lay the foundationfor the formal alliance of China and the Soviet Union.During the visit, the two sides reached a consensus on the political and economicalstrategy implemented by the CPC. The alliance of the two countries is not only because ofmilitary cooperation, but depends largely on the economical appeal. During the visit, someissues on military alliance, economic aid and other aspects make significant progress. However,some sensitive issues between China and the Soviet Union on the conflicts of the national andethnic interest are not resolved, such as the issues of liberation of Taiwan, recognizingMongolia’s independence and the Long Railway.Liu Shaoqi’s visit to the Soviet Union solves the most important problems which areestablishment of the basic sense of trust between China and the Soviet Union and setup of thebasic framework of the Sino-Soviet alliance. It further promotes the mutual understanding,resolves the historical estrangement furthest between the two parties, makes the necessarypreparations for Sino-Soviet alliance, strives for powerful external assistance for new China’splanned and large-scale economical construction, and has a profound impact on the developmentof new China. If Mikoyan’s visit to Xibaipo achieves the most high-level contact for the firsttime, Liu Shaoqi’s visit to the Soviet Union determines the direction of the Sino-Soviet alliance,and that builds a platform of consensus for Mao Zedong’s visit to the Soviet Union later andformally signs an alliance. In this sense, the success of Liu Shaoqi’s visit to the Soviet Unionsymbolizes the starting of the Sino-Soviet alliance officially formed.