Research On The Improvement Of Population And Family Planning Policy In China

In the1970s, under the advocate of Premier Zhou Enlai, family planning workhas been in full swing all across the whole nation. It clearly put forward the hope thatworking hard to make urban cities’ natural growth rate decreased to around10‰andrural areas’ to within15‰during the forth5-year plan. This is the first time in theofficial government documents to bring up population control target. In1972, thegovernment put forward the strategic thinking “To carry out family planning, to makethe population growth fit in the development of national economy.” In December1973, the family planning leading group office of the state council convened thenational family planning work report conference for the first time. On the conference,it brought up the family planning policy which is “LATE--late marriage and latechildbirth, RARE--Increasing time interval, FEW--fewer and better birth.” Thecurrent family planning policy was established and began to implement by1984. Itspecified that large and medium-sized city residents is restricted to only one child, andrural areas which the first child is a girl are allowed to have a second one. For30years, the family planning policy got vigorously implementing in our country, andmade great achievements in the field of control the rapid population growth. The population birth rate was33.43‰in1970, and reduced to18.25‰in1978, and thenatural population growth rate from25.83‰in1970fell to12‰in1978. The naturalpopulation growth rate down to6.01‰by2003. However, as time goes on, with thedevelopment of economy and society, the disadvantages of family planning policyappear with each passing day. Long time family planning policy controls populationbirth rate effectively; it reduced the fertility rate gradually. It made the demographicchanges, the aging problem revealed, and have a great impact social and economic.Theoretical debate about whether to adjust the family planning policy has escalated,the author summarizes into two points of view: one is “open the second child policy”gradually, the other is continue to adhere to the current policyDue to the large amount of population in China, family planning policy itself isstill suitable to China’s current basic situation. From the perspective that the currentpolicy implementation effect, the existing problem as well as the development trendof population quantity and structure, China’s policy has the necessity of perfectingand adjusting. Policy adjustment should take certain elements into consideration, likeageing problem, population sex ratio, and population structure and urbanization, etc.This paper is aiming at through perfecting policy to realize the reasonable populationand its structure, to make policy itself more suitable for the future development trend in our country.