Study On The Yarkant River Basin Agricultural Irrigation Water Use Efficiency

Yarkant River Basin in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, far from the sea, the south,north, west of tall mountains block, east of flat, but in the Westerlies, because with the opposite direction, surrounded by oceans warm, moist air is difficult to enter. Such a geographical environment determines the climate characteristics of the land dry and little rain. In addition there are seasonal water supply imbalance, resulting in summer flood and drought, in spite of the above large county canal and canal seepage transformation from 1993 to 1997, using World Bank loans,and even the use of the state will Yerqiang River Irrigation District as the base construction to improve cotton cotton replenishment of funds, a large number of canal seepage control but the canal utilization coefficient is only increased from 0.38 to 0.45, and at the same time make full use of surface water resources is limited, further development of groundwater, but the end result of the field with the flood irrigation, Yajian salt, "the last kilometer" channel leakage and other reasons,which caused a serious waste of water resources, irrigation period in no irrigation timely and proper irrigation, crop production, not only greatly restrict the development of agricultural production, the ecological environment will be met in the course of time Hit hard. As south of the major agricultural areas of the Yarkant River basin to ensure food security in the southern region,and Xinjiang cotton planting, development of characteristic forestry and fruit industry aspects, in domestic enjoys a very high position, the agricultural water use accounts for the total amount of water resources in the basin most of that water resources using system low with the background of the current water-saving potential, only seeks to adjust the unreasonable and unscientific agricultural irrigation methods, take effective water-saving measures, so as to improve the efficiency of agricultural irrigation water, is the fundamental guarantee for the crop yield.This paper is divided into six parts, the first part, by reading a lot of literatures at home and abroad, on the basis of previous research, put forward the feasible research ideas, determine the research methods and research contents; the second part is based on the concept of the need to define the content of the third part; in the geographical, social and economic status of in-depth investigation and study four, analysis of the Yarkant River Basin water structure, on the basis of the irrigation water use and low efficiency are analyzed; the fourth part, on the efficiency of farmland irrigation were analyzed, from the analysis of typical areas of different irrigation areas and different irrigation water efficiency, and select typical irrigation area in 2009-2013 using micro panel survey data. The stochastic frontier production function of 1000 farmers wheat production technical efficiency and water use efficiency were estimated; Fifth Part: using the Tobit model of irrigation water use efficiency influencing factors for further analysis, find out influence the efficiency of agricultural irrigation water source, so as to provide strong referencefor future space of water-saving irrigation, which can effectively improve the efficiency of agricultural irrigation water; the sixth part is the conclusion of the article.It is found that:(1) the difference between the irrigation water output of different crops is2.25 yuan per cubic meter, and there is a significant difference between 13035 and 20325m3/hm2 in the typical area of farmland irrigation. Farmers(2) the average irrigation water use efficiency only 0.483, production technical efficiency was 0.669;(3) source area of water resources are relatively abundant caused universal water-saving awareness of the lack of, irrigation is relatively simple, farmers of water-saving technology adoption and acceptance of the will is not high the main cause of agricultural water use efficiency is not high.(4) farmers planting experience,improving agricultural scale production, farmers’ cultural degree, planting pattern, the peasant household water-saving consciousness enhancement, irrigation methods and water-saving irrigation technology adoption, irrigation water price reform are to improve the efficiency of irrigation water produced positive effect. Through improving household saving behavior, to further promote the water-saving irrigation technology, optimizing the planting structure,improving farmers’ mastery of key cultivation technology and management level, is the implementation of technical efficiency and production efficiency of water resources and improve the effective way.