The Study On The Evolution Mechanism Of The Role Of Local Government And Its Models In Urban Management Of Developed Countries

China has experienced rapid urbanizations since the reform and opening up. and our urbanization rate broke 50% for the first time in 2011, which is still keeping up rapidly growing. However, with the rapid growing of the numbers and scales of city, the development of urban management was seriously lagging behind the requirement of the society; the ability of urban management and its performance have not synchronously grown with the urbanization rate, and the urban management system and mechanism are far away left behind the construction of the city. As we know, the local government is in charge of urban management. Therefore, in order to achieve good governance, how could the local government do to handle with the relationship between the urban development and the urban management?Britain and the United States as the pioneers of modern urban development and successful urban management reformers, their boundaries of urban management have changed with the revolution of urban development and the concept of governance; and they have developed a very mature urban management system. This paper takes Britain and the United States as examples, and based on the history of their urban management revolution, we will mainly discuss the changes of the boundary of local government in the process of urban development, and the factors which will affect the urban management mode. And the inner mechanism for the changes of government boundary will also be included.Finally, we find that the theories of urban management and the city’s economic and social development respectively play the roles of "head" and "foot", which have conclusive effects on the inner mechanism; while the "top down" government reform as well as the competency transformation and the "bottom up" social requirement are the "wings" to push for government boundary evolution. The governments have to preserve advanced concepts and keep up harmonically to realize good governance. To promote the update and improvement of the urban management mode, the local government should fulfill the public requirement and solve realistic questions, and improve ways of public service; these should also be the principle of urban management revolution of our country.