| The negative stress events of soldiers were closely related to suicidal behavior, in addition, the acute and chronic negative stress events influence on the incidence of suicide via two independent mechanisms. However, the currently available evaluation method of stress events in military is simpler, the different effects resulting from the acute and chronic stress events are indistinguishable and difficult to be evaluated objectively and scientifically, and further difficult to investigate the relationships between military stress and suicide.In view of the above problems, the main goal of this study is consisted of(1) composing a scale of negative stress events in army which could quantify the intensity of acute and chronic psychological stress, match the professional features of soldiers, and have good reliability and validity;(2) investigating the stress characteristics of active duty military;(3) and investigating the correlation between the negative stress events and military suicidal ideation. The procedures are as follows: firstly, based on the literature review, the types of negative stress events associated with military suicide are determined; secondly, according to the scale of good life events and the latest researching achievements at home and abroad, the primary item pool of the Scale of Military Negative Stress Events is planned to draw up, and the questionnaire of the items of Scale of Military Negative Stress Events is compiled; thirdly, requesting 125 military psychological experts to rate the every item according to the given operational definition; fourthly, the items are modified or deleted based on the analysis of the scored results, and compiling the Scale of Military Negative Stress Events; fifthly, the studies are performed using non-random cluster sampling method as follows: ①1257 soldiers are asked to make the Scale, and the reliability and validity of the Scale are analyzed; ②1483 servicemen are asked officially to implement the Scale, the results are analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, back testing, χ2 test and non-conditional logistic regression analyses to investigate the stress characteristics of servicemen and the influence of stress on suicide ideation. The main results are as follows:1. Based on the analysis of the scored results of items from military psychological experts, the final scale consists of 39 items which are divided into 4 groups, these are the military stress events(12 items), marriage and family stress events(10 items), group interpersonal stress events(10 items) and other personal stress events(7 items).2. The Scale of Military Negative Stress Events have good reliability and validity. The test on reliability and validity: Cronbach α coefficient of the scale of the intensity of acute stress and chronic psychological stress was 0.856 and 0.914, respectively; the correlation between the factors of the scale of acute stress intensity and the scale was from 0.630 to 0.848, the correlation between the factors of the scale of chronic psychological stress and the scale was from 0.779 to 0.882, indicating that each factor well mirrored the measured contents of the questionnaire. The correlation coefficient between the classification of each scale was from 0.310 to 0.544, each classification indicated that the reliability of the scales was better and could satisfy the predicted requirements. The correlation between Beck depression rating scale and chronic psychological stress was significant(P<0.01), the correlation between Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7(GAD-7) and the intensity of acute stress was significant(P<0.01).3. The most common acute negative stress events were from military related events and group interpersonal events, the most common chronic negative stress events were military related events, indicating that military stress is closely related to the special working and living environments.4. Marriage and family related events are the highest intensity events in acute negative stress events, military career development related events are the highest intensity events in chronic negative stress events, indicating that military stress in our country is influenced by our traditional family culture, as well as shows up the special military career features, in addition, demonstrating different characteristics in acute stress intensity and chronic psychological stress.5. Either acute stress or chronic stress influence soldiers mainly by military stress events, group interpersonal stress events and physical symptoms(other personal stress events). This is consistent with our classification principles according to literature review, and the classification principles reflects the military stress characteristics successfully.6. There were significant difference in the frequency, intensity and stress of subscale of acute stress and chronic stress which proves the hypothesis that the acute and chronic negative stress events work via two independent mechanisms.7. There was significant difference in the scores of acute stress among military services and posts. The acute stress score of officers was higher than the soldiers(p <0.01). The Air Force group was significantly higher than that of the Land Forces(p <0.05). And the Second Artillery was lower than the other three services(p <0.01).8. There was significant difference in the scores of chronic stress among age, marriage status, education, posts and military services. In the age group, group 17-25 was significantly lower than the group 26-35 and group 36-44(p <0.01, p <0.05). In marriage status, married was significantly higher than single and in love(p<0.01,p<0.01). In education, group finish college was significantly higher than high school education or less(p <0.01). In posts, the officers was higher than the sergeant and the soldiers(p <0.01, p <0.01). The sergeant was higher than the soldiers(p <0.05). In military services, the air force and the navy were higher than the land forces and the second artillery(p <0.01).9. Effects of demographic factors on acute stress is not significant. But the impact on chronic stress is significant. It proves that acute stress and chronic stress act independently of each other.10. The incidence of marriage and family related events, military stress events, group interpersonal stress events and other personal stress events were significantly different between the two groups categorized by whether have suicidal ideation or not(p <0.01). In addition, having experienced negative stress events in a year, having acute events within a week and having a severe chronic stress events were significantly different as well(p <0.01).The various indicators of negative stress events have good correlation with the suicidal ideation.11. Unconditional logistic regression found that acute stress with high strength, having a severe acute events within a week and having a severe chronic stress events can significantly increase the incidence of suicidal ideation. However, the impact of chronic stress on suicidal ideation is not significant. This suggests that acute stress and chronic stress take different roles in the influence of suicidal ideation. |
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