The Research On Urban Pension Pattern With Chinese Characteristics

The aging of Populations is a worldwide problem, and it became more fiercely in China. In the background of getting old before getting rich and not ready to get old, we must cogitate on building a pension model suit to our country. Urban endowment is an important part of the social pension system, and it is the pioneer power of the pension practice in a country. At present, the “4-2-1”family, empty nest family and lose the one child family increasing, the functions of family endowment gradually weakened. In this situation, what kind of city pension mode should be built and how to build this pension model is an urgent need for exploration.The construction of urban pension model with Chinese characteristic should base on the social security thoughts and pension security thoughts of Marxist classical writers. At the same time we also need some modern social security theory like the elderly social demand theory, citizens pension rights theory, life cycle hypothesis theory and welfare pluralism theory. In practical experience, home-based care model based on the community in British, self pension mode mainly by retirement community in America, the transformation from traditional family endowment to home care in Japan are all the good experiences for us to learn.In order to fully understand the urban pension status, researchers designed exhibitions for several major problems, for example, the balance of payments of elderly people, status of spiritual and cultural entertainment, pension willing and pension demand. With these major problems, researchers make research on 676 elderly people and 7 pension institutions in five cities of Hebei Province. Through the survey, researchers find that the functions of family endowment gradually weakened in our country. The continuous improvement of the level of material life makes the elderly people have a higher pursuit to the spiritual world, but the single type of service cannot satisfy their needs. The “4-2-1”family, empty nest family and lose the one child family continue to emerge, they have urgent demand for the pension agency, but due to the lack of resources, the pension institutions development difficultly. At the same time, the initial development of the pension industry, the shortage of the professional service personnel and volunteer team. And the imperfect policies and regulations cause the unscrupulous traders have the opportunity to cheat the elderly consumer groups and infringe upon their rights. All of these make a bad quality of the pension service system and the effect not satisfactory.In view of the above problems, the urban pension model with Chinese characteristic should be constructed to the family as a platform and the community as a support, while relying on government, social, pension institutions and other aspects of strength to support the home-based care. At the same time, accelerate the development of the pension institutions, which have good environment, good facilities and good service; accelerate the development of a wide variety of pension services industry; accelerate the development of the specialized and professional pension services team. Our country should try to put the silver ”crisis” into silver “business opportunities”. Provide high quality service to the elderly people when building the respecting and caring social atmosphere.