Study On The Urban-rural Gap Of Social Security Institution Since The Founding Of People’s Republic Of China And Countermeasure

After the founding of PRC, in order to ensure the development strategy of our country is smoothly implemented, the government took household registration as a means of population management system, it strictly limited the flow of rural labor force. Eventually,the development pattern of urban and rural binary segmentation was established, and the development of social security system was also influenced by this model. After that, urban became the focus of national security, and the social security system of rural was just better than nothing based on the weakly collective economy. Subject to the inequality of urban and rural economy, the social security of urban-rural gap had produced at the beginning of the system was established. Under the effect of path dependence of institutional change,the gap not only became the short board of China’s economic and social coordinated development, but contributed the social unfair. According to the Report of 18 th National Congress of the CPC, promoting the construction of urban and rural social security system as a whole and make the social security system cover both urban and rural residents completely come true. Thus, it pointed out the direction for the construction of the social security system of our country in the future.This paper reviews the evolution process of the social security system in our country,and deeply dig into the urban-rural gap of social security for each period since the founding of PRC, and then this paper analyzes the causes of the gap: the urban-rural dual economic and social system is the fundamental reason; the objective reasons is unbalanced development in economic between urban and rural areas; the subjective reason is the government responsibility is not in place; path dependence in institutional change is the system reason. After that this paper analyzes the negative effect of the gap: first, the gap widens the gap between urban and rural areas; second,it increases the cost of reform of the system; the third, it affects the social harmony and stability; and the last it is not conducive to social fairness and justice. Then, on the basis of summarizing the practical experience at home and abroad, this paper propose the goal of the reform of social security system is: the integration of urban and rural social security system. In order to achieve this goal, we should follow the following principles: fairness, coordination, integration, progress and sustainable development. Finally this paper put forwards the overall thinking: achieving the integration of urban and rural development is the fundamental measure; strengthen top-level design is the key measure; the implementation of the government’s mainresponsibility is the core measure; achieving the equalization of urban and rural financial supply is guaranteed measure.